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Year 2 > Hip conditions and surgery > Flashcards

Hip conditions and surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Altered biomechanics of the hip is caused by which pathology?

A

Dysplasia of the hip

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2
Q

Which pathology can cause block to movement of the hip joint?

A

Perthe’s disease –> avascular necrosis
Femoroacetabular impingement
Labral tear

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3
Q

How might acetabular dysplasia be surgically managed?

A

Periacetabular osteotomy

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4
Q

What are the different types of femoracetabular impingement?

A

CAM
Pincer
Mixed

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5
Q

What are possible causes of femoacetaular impingement?

A

SUFE
Perthe’s
Anatomical variation

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6
Q

How is a labral tear managed?

A

Nothing
Arthroscopy
Open shaving/repair

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7
Q

Which pathology is caused by bone failure?

A

Steroids
Dialysis
Venous sludging

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8
Q

How does venous sludging occur?

A 
Increased venous pressure of the femoral head >
Compartment syndrome > 
Cuts off blood supply >
Necrosis >
Cysts & osteophytes > 
Collapse of head
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9
Q

Which bone injuries cause hip pathology?

A

Fractures

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10
Q

What type of cartilage will injury spanning down to the tidemark be replaced with?

A

Fibrocartilage

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11
Q

What types of degeneration affect the hip?

A

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

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12
Q

What may result from rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Secondary osteoarthritis

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13
Q

When should surgery be considered for hip dysplasia?

A

Symptomatic older patients

High risk of developing further problems

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14
Q

How can perthes be managed?

A

Head reshaping (not done in tayside)

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15
Q

How can femoroacetabular impingement be managed?

A

Laproscopic shave if symptomatic

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16
Q

What is the risk of femoracetabular impingement?

A

Secondary osteoarthritis

17
Q

How can avascular necrosis be managed?

A

Pre-collapsed - x-ray guided pilot hole

Collapse - hip replacement

18
Q

How is osteoarthritis of the hip managed?

A 
Weight loss
Analgesia
Physiotherapy 
Injections (gastrographin, anaesthetic, steroids)
Replacement
19
Q

What are the indications for a total hip replacement?

A 
Over 65
Reduced walking
Pain uncontrolled by analgesia
Night pain
Impairment of AoDL
Impairment of hobbies
20
Q

What does a total hip replacement improve and what does it not improve?

A

Pain

May not improve stiffness

21
Q

What is the risk with hip resurfacing?

A

Pseudotumours

22
Q

What are the risks of joint replacement surgery?

A

Hypovolaemia
Nerve injury
DVT/PE
Dislocation

23
Q

Is trochanteric bursitis self limiting?

A

Yes

24
Q

How is trochanteric bursitis managed?

A

Conservatively +/- injections

25
Q

How does trochanteric bursitis present?

A 
Pain over hip joint
Doesn't change with walking
Single point of tenderness
Lying on side is painful
Doesn't last longer than a year

Year 2 (72 decks)

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