Fractures of the proximal femur Flashcards
Which age group gets proximal femur fractures?
Elderly
Young patients
Do females or males get proximal femur fractures more often?
Female
What are the risk factors which contribute to proximal femur fractures?
Osteoporosis Smoking Neurological impairment Poor vision Malnutrition Alcohol
What is the blood supply to the femoral head?
Intermedullary artery of shaft of femur
Medial and lateral circumflex branches of profunda femoris
Artery of ligamentum teres
What are the types of neck of femur fracture?
Intercapsular
Extracapsular
What are the types of intercapsular femur fracture?
Displaced
Undisplaced
What are the types of extracapsular femur fracture?
Basicervical
Subtrochanteric
Intertrochanteric
What are the complications of neck of femur fractures?
Intercapsular - non-union, avascular necrosis
Extracapsular - mal-union, non-union
What are the symptoms of neck of femur fracture?
Pain
Inability to weight bear
What are the signs of neck of femur fracture?
Shortening
External rotation
How is a neck of femur fracture investigated?
X-ray
MRI
What can be seen on a neck of femur fracture x-ray?
Shenton’s line disruption
How is an undisplaced intercapsular fracture managed?
Internal fixation
How are displaced intercapsular fractures managed?
Hemiarthroplasty
Arthroplasty
How are extracapsular fractures managed?
Pinning
Dynamic hip screw
Gamma nail
