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Pathology > Hepatobiliary System > Flashcards

Hepatobiliary System Flashcards

1
Q

The major lobes of the liver are the ______ lobe and a smaller ____ lobe as viewed from the front surface. The two are separated by the falciform ligament.

right; left
left; right
quadrate; caudate
caudate; quadrate

A

right; left

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2
Q

The liver has a dual supply of blood. One-third of the liver’s blood supply comes from the hepatic artery. Where does the remaining two-thirds come from?

superior vena cava
aorta
portal vein
superior mesenteric artery

A

portal vein

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3
Q

What modality is preferred for imaging of the gallbladder?

abdominal radiography
computed tomography
MRI
sonography

A

sonography

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4
Q

What modality is preferred for imaging the liver and biliary malignancies due to it’s quick scan time, spatial and contrast resolution and post processing capabilities?

abdominal radiography
fluoroscopy
computed tomography
MRI

A

computed tomography

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5
Q

Magnetic resonance _____ is an imaging procedure that uses MRI to visualize the gallbladder, biliary system, and pancreas.

cholecystocholangiography
cholangiopancreatography
choledocholithiasis
cholecystectomy

A

cholangiopancreatography

Cholecystocholangiogram - Study of both the gallbladder and the biliary ducts

Choledocholithiasis- Presence of gallstones in the common bile duct

Cholecystectomy- Surgical removal of the gallbladder

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6
Q

Match the statement with the procedure:
A method of visualizing the biliary system using a puncture through the wall of the abdomen to insert a needle directly into the biliary tree.

abdominal radiograph
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
operative cholangiography

A

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

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7
Q

Match the statement with the procedure:
Only about 10% to 30% of gallstones are radiopaque and able to be visualized.

abdominal radiograph
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
operative cholangiography

A

abdominal radiograph

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8
Q

Match the statement with the procedure:
Performed during surgery at the time of a cholecystectomy to detect biliary calculi and explore the common bile duct.

abdominal radiograph
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
operative cholangiography

A

operative cholangiography

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9
Q

Match the statement with the procedure:
Usually performed by a gastroenterologist; a means of visualizing the biliary system and main pancreatic duct, combining fluoroscopy and endoscopy techniques.

abdominal radiograph
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
operative cholangiography

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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10
Q

What conditions are associated with alcohol-inducted liver disease?

  1. fatty liver
  2. hepatitis
  3. cirrhosis
  4. hepatocellular carcinoma

2 and 3 only
1, 3 and 4 only
3 only
1, 2, 3 and 4

A

1, 2, 3 and 4

fatty liver- an excess of fatty acids within the liver

hepatitis- inflammation of the liver

cirrhosis- the liver tissues are destroyed and replaced by fibrous tissue and regenerative nodules due to chronic liver damage as the liver attempts to repair hepatocytic damage

hepatocellular carcinoma- Most common primary tumor of the liver

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11
Q

This condition results from an excess of fatty acids within the liver, which leads to fatty infiltration of the liver.

pancreatitis
viral hepatitis
hepatolithiasis
hepatic steatosis

A

hepatic steatosis

aka Fatty Liver Disease

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12
Q

An end-stage liver condition in which the liver tissues are destroyed and replaced by fibrous tissue and regenerative nodules due to chronic liver damage.

hepatic metastases
ascites
cirrhosis
hepatitis

A

cirrhosis

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13
Q

The accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity.

varices
ascites
portal hypertension
dyspnea

A

ascites

varices- enlarged blood vessels that can occur in the esophagus, stomach, and rectum

portal hypertension- high blood pressure in the portal vein

dyspnea- shortness of breath or difficult breathing

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14
Q

Hepatitis A is usually mild and many individuals recover without complications; whereas people with hepatitis types B, C, D and G generally go on to develop chronic hepatitis. In some, the disease may progress to liver failure.

True or False

A

True

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15
Q

This technique allows a less traumatic entry, excision, and removal of the gallbladder, resulting in shortened hospitalization and reduced costs.

open cholecystectomy
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
paracentesis
thoracentesis

A

laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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16
Q

A fluid collection in the pancreas with a defined fibrous capsule that typically develops 4 to 6 weeks after the onset of acute pancreatitis.

diabetes
ascites
pancreatic pseudocyst
pancreatic cancer

A

pancreatic pseudocyst

17
Q

The accumulation of excess bile pigments (i.e., bilirubin) in the body tissues “stains” the skin and eyes a yellowish color.

jaundice
hemolytic disease
pancreatitis
hepatitis

A

jaundice

18
Q

Which of following focal liver lesions is malignant?

hepatocellular carcinoma
hemangioma
hepatitis
hepatic cyst

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

19
Q

A benign neoplasm composed of newly formed blood vessels. These neoplasms may form in other places within the body. A port wine stain on the face is an example. In the liver these neoplasms are well-circumscribed (confined to a limited area) and can be either solitary or multiple.

hepatitis
simple cyst
hemangioma
hepatocellular adenoma

A

hemangioma

20
Q

A benign tumor of the liver associated with use of steroids and oral contraceptives, often having a pseudocapsule and contains fat.

hemangioma
hepatocellular adenoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatoma

A

hepatocellular adenoma

21
Q

Also called hepatoma, this is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver strongly associated with cirrhosis due to hepatitis B and C infections and/or alcoholism.

hepatocellular adenoma
hemangioma
metastatic liver lesion
hepatocellular carcinoma

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

22
Q

A risk factor associated with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder resulting from chronic cholesystitis where the chronically inflamed gallbladder wall gradually calcifies.

priceless gallbladder
procelain gallbladder
prophylactic cholecystectomy
squamous cell cancer

A

procelain gallbladder

23
Q

The diagnostic and potentially theraputic procedure of choice for cholangiocarcinoma.

computed tomography
upper gastrointestional fluoroscopy
modified barium swallow
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram

24
Q

Cigarette smoking has been clearly associated with a risk of developing pancreatic cancer.

True or False

A

True

A clear-cut association with cigarette smoking has been demonstrated, and other risk factors include alcoholism, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and a family history of adenocarcinoma, the most common malignant pancreatic neoplasm.

25
Q

A Whipple’s procedure consists of a partial PANCREATECTOMY, DUODENECTOMY, and CHOLECYSTECTOMY, and may or may not include a distal GASTRECTOMY for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
What do all of the capitalized terms have in common?

They all use the term for “connection that is created between tubular structures”.
They all use the suffix meaning “excision,” or “surgical removal”.
They all use the suffix for “disease”.
They all use the term for “inspection with a camera”.

A

They all use the suffix meaning “excision,” or “surgical removal”.

26
Q

Match each definition with the correct term.
Prefix denoting the common bile duct

chole-
acute cholecystitis
cholelithiasis
choledocho-

A

choledocho-

chole- prefix denoting relationship to bile
acute cholecystitis- sudden attack of inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis- condition of cholesterol and pigment stones
choledocho- prefix denoting the common bile duct

27
Q

Match each definition with the correct term.
Condition of cholesterol and pigment stones

chole-
acute cholecystitis
cholelithiasis
choledocho-

A

cholelithiasis

chole- prefix denoting relationship to bile
acute cholecystitis- sudden attack of inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis- condition of cholesterol and pigment stones
choledocho- prefix denoting the common bile duct

28
Q

Match each definition with the correct term.
Sudden attack of inflammation of the gallbladder

chole-
acute cholecystitis
cholelithiasis
choledocho-

A

acute cholecystitis

chole- prefix denoting relationship to bile
acute cholecystitis- sudden attack of inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis- condition of cholesterol and pigment stones
choledocho- prefix denoting the common bile duct

29
Q

Match each definition with the correct term.
Prefix denoting relationship to bile

chole-
acute cholecystitis
cholelithiasis
choledocho-

A

chole-

chole- prefix denoting relationship to bile
acute cholecystitis- sudden attack of inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis- condition of cholesterol and pigment stones
choledocho- prefix denoting the common bile duct

Pathology (14 decks)

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