hepatitis b

Question 1

4 stages of chronic hepatitis b infection

Answer 1

Immune tolerance
immune clearance
immune control
immune escape

Question 2

4 blood tests used to determine stage of chronic hepatitis b infection

Answer 2

Hepatitis B viral DNA Load
Hepatitis B e-antigen
Hepatiits B e-antibody
ALT

Question 3

Chronic Hepatitis B Expected pathology findings in immune tolerance phase

Answer 3

Hep B e-antigen +ve, e-antibody negative
ALT normal
Hep B viral DNA Load high

Question 4

Chronic Hepatitis B - expected pathology findings in immune clearance phase

Answer 4

Hep B e-antigen +ve, or may have e-antibody formed
ALT raised
Hep B viral DNA load is low <2000 IU

Question 5

Chronic hepatitis B - expected pathology findings in immune control phase

Answer 5

Hep B e-antibody +ve
ALT normal
Hep B viral DNA load is low <2000

Question 6

Chronic hepatitis B - expected pathology findings in immune escape phase

Answer 6

Hep B e-antibody +ve
ALT raised
Hep B viral DNA load is raised

Question 7

Chronic hepatitis B - which phases can be monitored, and which would require antivirals

Answer 7

monitor - Immune tolerance, immune control

antivirals - immune clearance, immune escape