assessment of dry eyes Flashcards
reference - https://www.nps.org.au/australian-prescriber/articles/dry-eye-disease-when-to-treat-and-when-to-refer
1
Q
medical term for ‘dry eye disease’
A
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
2
Q
subtypes of dry eye disease
A
aqueous deficiency
evaporative dry eye
3
Q
difference between aqueous and evaporative dry eye disease, associated conditions
A
- aqueous caused by insufficient aqueous production from lacrimal glands (sjogren vs non-sjogren)
- evaporative is caused by deficient tear film lipid layer (associated with meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis)
4
Q
presenting symptoms of dry eye disease (5)
A
- visual disturbance
- photophobia
- ocular discomfort
- foreign body sensation (grittiness, burning)
- excess wateriness (triggered by discomfort)
5
Q
questionnaires to monitor severity of dry eye disease
A
DEQ-5
OSDI
6
Q
management of mild dry eye disease (9)
A
improve the lipid layer
- optimise meibomian gland function (warm compresses and warming eye masks)
- treat comorbid blepharitis
- reduce evaporation by wearing glasses
increase available aqueous
- increase air humidity
- reduce computer use
- rest breaks for the eye
- conscious blinking to trigger more production
medication changes
- introduce preservative-free ocular lubricants (sodium hyaluronate - hylo-fresh, hylo-forte)
- avoid or reduce dosage of medications that dry eyes out
7
Q
medications that can exacerbate dry eye disease (6)
A
eyedrops w/ preservatives antihistamine b-blocker TCA SSRI isotretinoin
