Henry 8 Foreign Policy Flashcards
1
Q
How many times did Henry 8th go to war with France?
A
Henry invaded france 3 times
1512-1513
1522-1525
1544-1546
2
Q
What happened with France in 1512?
A
- Battle of Spurs
Henry decided to send 12,000 men and united with spain to attack france - but was betrayed by ferdinand as he wanted english tropps as a distraction to capture novare
- english retreated
3
Q
What happened with France 1513?
A
- The Battle of the Spurs
- Henry arranges an alliance with Maximillian (HRE). They agree to invade France together. Henry personally led this invasion of France with 30,000 men. The campaign met with very little French resistance and resulted in the capture of two towns, Therouanne and Tournai.
4
Q
What happened with Scotland 1513?
A
- Battle of Flodden
Whilst Henry was away fighting in France, the Scots attacked under James IV. The remains of the English army was left under the control of the Earl of Surrey and Catherine of Aragon! King James and many of his lords were slain, along with perhaps 5000 of his men. This was important as it greatly reduced the power of the nobility in Scotland. - Henry’s own sister (Margaret) now became regent of Scotland. There should now be very little problems from North of the border for the rest of Henry’s reign. However, the wars had been very costly, approximately £960,000.
5
Q
What happened with France 1514?
A
- The anglo french treaty
- . England got possession of Tournai and Louis XII agreed to pay the arrears of the English pension granted to Henry VII in the 1490s. The treaty was sealed with the marriage of Henry’s younger sister Mary to the elderly Louis XII.
6
Q
What happens france 1515?
A
Francis I now becomes the new King of France.
7
Q
What happened in 1518?
A
The Treaty of London
- Since the beginning of 1518, Pope Leo X had been calling for a European crusade against the Turks. Wolsey took the plans and adapted them to suit the European powers and to put England at the centre of the diplomatic peace negotiations.
- The treaty guaranteed non-aggression between the major European powers and built in the principle of collective security (if one was attacked, all would come to their aide).
- The treaty heaped prestige on Henry and Wolsey.
- An Anglo-French treaty was signed that gave back Tournai in return for further French pensions and Henry’s infant daughter, Mary, was now betrothed to Francis I.
8
Q
What happened with France 1520?
A
- Charles 5th was nominated as the emperor of the holy roman empire
- To counteract this power balance
- France and England decided to unite and had a meeting called the field of cloth of gold
- Nothing was achieved in this meeting
9
Q
What happened in 1521?
A
- England signed a treaty with Charles V called Treaty of Burges
10
Q
What happened in 1525?
A
- The Battle of Pavia
- This was the decisive military engagement of the war in Italy between Francis I and Charles V, in which the French army of 28,000 was virtually annihilated and Francis himself, commanding the French army, was taken prisoner. Francis was sent to Madrid, where, the following year, he concluded peace and surrendered French claims to Italy.
- This was an important turning point in international politics for England, as Charles V had no interest in allowing Henry to share in the spoils. England would now have to change its alliance permanently to control the power of Charles V. They would have to become friends with France!
- He supported the Lague of Cognac
11
Q
What happened to the Pope in 1527?
A
- He was captured by charles v
12
Q
What support did England do to France 1527?
A
- Treaty of Amiens which was a Franco Anlo peace treaty
- Wolsey also tried to embargo HRE but that led to huge economic problems for england
13
Q
What was the Peace of Cambrai?
A
- 1529 a peace treaty between france and hre
- Resulted in henry solving his marrigae issue by diplomaic means to be finished
14
Q
What happened in 1538 and why was it a bad year for henry 8?
A
- Treaty of Nice between france and spain furthur reinforced their
- Pope published a bull deposing henry and thereby absolving english catholic from the need to obey the monarch
15
Q
Why were the 6 articles relase d in 1539?
A
- the 6 articles were released by henry to appease to catholics, and was a move to reduce the catholic united
