Hemorrhoids Flashcards
Where are internal hemorrhoids?
Above the dentate line
Do internal hemorrhoids have nervous innervation?
Nope
Where are external hemorrhoids located?
Below the dentate line
What causes external hemorrhoids to be painful?
They possess nervous innervation and are painful when thrombosed
Hemorrhoidal venous cushions contribute what to the anal canal?
Normal anal pressures and ensure a water tight closure of the anal canal
Internal hemorrhoids commonly occur in which 3 primary locations?
Right anterior, right posterior and left lateral
What can cause hemorrhoids?
Straining at stool, constipation, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, obesity and low fiber diets
Thrombosis of external hemorrhoids results in?
Perianal hematoma
What condition is characterized by acute onset, exquisitely painful, tense and bluish perianal nodule that may be several centimeters in size?
Perianal hematoma
How long does the pain last in a perianal hematoma?
Most severe in first few hours but gradually eases over 2-3 days
What are the stages of internal hemorrhoids?
Stage 1: Confined to anal canal
Stage 2: Enlarges and protrudes from anal canal, reduces spontaneously
Stage 3: May require manual reduction
Stage 4: Chronically protruding and unresponsive to manual reduction
A sense of full ness, or discomfort and mucoid perianal discharge and soiling of underclothes may result from what condition?
Chronically prolapsed hemorrhoids
What imagining should be done on patients with hematochezia?
Colonoscopy
What is initial treatment of external hemorrhoids?
Sitz baths
If seen in the first 24-48 hours, what may hasten symptomatic relief?
Removal of clot
