Hemodynamic Disorders II Flashcards
pulmonary embolism
often from DVT of leg
can occlude main pulmonary artery
or bifurcation - saddle embolus
paradoxical embolus
gains access to systemic circulation
cor pulmonale
right heart failure
with emboli of 60% or more of pulmonary circulation
systemic thromboembolism
often from intracardiac mural thrombi
can travel to lower extremities, brain, and other organs
fracture of long bone
can lead to fat or marrow embolus
fat embolism syndrome
1-3 days after injury - onset of tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia
thrombocytopenia and anemia
air embolism
more than 100cc of air to have clinical effect
decompression sickness
sudden decrease in atmospheric pressure - scuba diver ascent
nitrogen out of blood
- pain in joints - bends
- respiratory distress - chokes
amniotic fluid embolism
sudden dyspnea, cyanosis, shock, neuro impairment, coma, DIC
infusion of amniotic fluid or fetal tissue into maternal circulation
infarction
area of ischemic coagulative necrosis - replaced by scar
almost always from thrombotic or embolic arterial occlusion
red infarct
with venous occlusion
loose tissue
dual circulation
flow reestablished
white infarct
solid organs with end-artery circulation
factors influence development of infarct
nature of vascular supply
rate of occlusion development
vulnerability to hypoxia
oxygen content of blood
shock
systemic hypotension
cardiogenic shock
low cardiac output
-pump fail
hypovolemic shock
low volume
-hemorrhage
