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PBD I Exam 2 > Cancer I Lecture > Flashcards

Cancer I Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

hamartoma

A

disorganized growth of tissue that is indigenous to the site

ex/ lung has cartilage tumors

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2
Q

choristoma

A

disorganized tissue growth of something not indigenous to tissue

ex/ gastric tissue in pancreas

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3
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

adrenal

10% tumor

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4
Q

parenchma

A

cellular component of neoplasm

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5
Q

stroma

A

supportive cell component

typically mesoderm (mesenchyme)

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6
Q

mucinous adenocarcinoma

A

can cause endocarditis

cause hypercoagulable state

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7
Q

common young men solid tumor

A

testicular

-seminoma

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8
Q

hCG

A

from choriocarcinoma

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9
Q

types of sarcoma

A

CT - fibroconnective, adipose, cartilage, bone

endothelium - blood or lymph

synovium

mesothelium

brain coverings

bone marrow, nodes

smooth m

skeletal m

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10
Q

lymphoma

A

malignant

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11
Q

mesothelioma

A

malignant

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12
Q

melanoma

A

malignant

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13
Q

seminoma

A

malignant

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14
Q

immature teratoma

A

malignant

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15
Q

hamartoma

A

not a neoplasm

-mass of cells normally present in tissue in disorganized manner

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16
Q

pleomorphic adenoma

A

mixed benign tumor of salivary gland

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17
Q

blast-

A

generally a childhood

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18
Q

wilms tumor

A

nephroblastoma

-from renal anlage - precursor to kidney

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19
Q

grading

A

by pathologist

-differentiation of tumor

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20
Q

staging

A

by oncologist

-depth of invasion or metastasis

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21
Q

TNM

A

size of tumor
nodes
metastasis?

22
Q

anaplasia

A

appearance of cell - mainly nucleus

23
Q

breast carcinoma

A

most malignancy - from the the ductal component

stromal component - not malignant

24
Q

differentiation

A

degree to which neoplasm resembles tissue of origin

less differentiated - more malignant

25
Q

levels of differentiation

A

well
moderately
poor - cellular anaplasia
undifferentiated

26
Q

scirrhous

A

rock hard tumor

27
Q

desmoplasia

A

lots of collagen

28
Q

anaplasia

A

loss of cell structure or function

key to determine grade of tumor

it is the stem cells that de-differentiate, not the mature cells

29
Q

metaplasia

A

replace of one type of cell by another

not pre-malignant

30
Q

T-ICs

A

tumor initiating cells

-can indefinitely maintain tumor growth

31
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

dyspalsia in entire thickness of epithelium

32
Q

higher number of mitotic figure

A

finding in malignancies

33
Q

as tumor population expands

A

higher percentage of tumor cells leave replicative pool

34
Q

benign tumors

A

often have capsule - of CT

35
Q

tumors can do what

A

impinge adjacent structures

functional activity

bleeding and infection with ulceration

cachexia/wasting

rupture or infarction

36
Q

paraneoplastic syndromes

A

tumor cells themselves secrete hormone

37
Q

grading

A

differentiation

-pathologist

38
Q

staging

A

oncologist

-metastasis, infiltration

39
Q

dermoid cyst

A

mature teratoma

40
Q

AFP

A

secreted by yolk sac tumors

switches to albumin after birth

41
Q

CEA

A

colon carcinoma

does not indicate malignancy

42
Q

CA-125

A

biomarker for ovarian cancer

43
Q

PSA

A

prostate specific antigen

-used to monitor after diagnosis

44
Q

IgG

A

marker seen with B cell lymphoma

45
Q

dermoid cyst

A

mature teratoma

46
Q

95% of malignancies

A

are epithelial

-carcinoma

47
Q

small cell carcinoma of lung

A

central - hilar region

squamous cell

48
Q

leukoplakia

A

white patches in mouth

49
Q

uterine leiomyoma

A

not encapsulated - but are compressed with well-defined cleavage plane

50
Q

local invasion

A

implies malignant neoplasm

PBD I Exam 2 (18 decks)

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