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Block 6 > Heme Lab Testing > Flashcards

Heme Lab Testing Flashcards

1
Q

EDTA and citrate

A

anticoagulants in sample tubes

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2
Q

MCV

A

mean cell volume

average RBC volume

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3
Q

RBC

A

red blood cell count

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4
Q

Hb

A

converts Hb to hemoglobin cyanide and measures the abosrption

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5
Q

Hct

A

hematocrit

MCV x RBC

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6
Q

MCHC

A

mean cell hemoglobin concentration
average mass of Hb per cell
Hb/RBC

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7
Q

spurious thrombocytopenia

A

platelets stick to white cells which appears as a reduction in platelet count

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8
Q

MPV

A

mean platelet volume

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9
Q

CBC with differential

A 
complete blood count including #/% of
lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
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10
Q

appearance of normal red cells

A

pink rim that is 2/3 the diameter

diameter 7-8 um

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11
Q

neutrophil

A

large
filled with fine granules
5 nuclear lobes

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12
Q

band cell

A

immature neutrophil
horseshoe nucleus
more granulation

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13
Q

left shift

A

more bands

indicates infection

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14
Q

RDW

A

red cell distribution width

range of RBC sizes

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15
Q

RDW is increased in

A

most anemias

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16
Q

neutrophil count is increased in

A

acute bacterial infections

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17
Q

lymphocyte

A

same size as RBC

nucleus takes up most of cell

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18
Q

lymphocyte elevation in

A

chronic infection
acute viral disease
some lymphomas

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19
Q

atypical lymphocytes

A

look similar to monocytes

BUT nucleus is indented and the cell forms around RBC

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20
Q

atypical lymphocytes are elevated in

A

mononucleuosis

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21
Q

monocyte

A

very large
blue
cytoplasm has vacuoles
nuclear cleft

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22
Q

monocytes elevated in

A

chronic infections
collagen vascular disease
some lymphomas

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23
Q

eosinophil

A

bright red granules

bilobed nucleus

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24
Q

eosinophils elevated in

A

atopic reactions
parasite infections
hodgkin lymphoma

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25
Q

basophil

A

smaller than neutrophil
basophilic (blue) granules block nucleus
rare

26
Q

basophils elevated in

A

CML

27
Q

band count vs absolute neutrophil count

A

band count- hard to get

ANC- total white count * neutrophils- better for monitoring infection

28
Q

low ANC

A

low absolute neutrophil count

risk for infection

29
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature RBC, larger
non nucleated
RNA fragments seen with special stain

30
Q

reticulocyte count used for

A

assessing bone marrow function

31
Q

reticulocyte count corrected for anemia

A

% reticulocytes x patient Hct/normal Hct

32
Q

what is elevated if reticulocyte count is elevated

A

MCV

33
Q

macrocytes

A

large RBC

34
Q

microcytes

A

small RBC

35
Q

spherocytes

A

round RBC

loss of central area of pallor

36
Q

shistocytes

A

helmet looking- semicircle with pointy ends

37
Q

shistocyte presence indicates

A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

38
Q

ovalocytes

A

oval RBC

39
Q

ovalocyte presence indicates

A

hereditary ovalocytosis
iron deficiency
thalassemia

40
Q

drepanocytes

A

sickle cells

41
Q

ancanthrocyte

A

spur cell
irregular thorn-like projections
no area of central pallor

42
Q

ancanthrocyte presence indicates

A

advanced liver disease

malnutrition

43
Q

echinocyte

A

burr cell

regular thorny projections

44
Q

condocyte

A

target cell
leptocyte
excess membrane that folds on itself and Hg gets pushed to center

45
Q

condocyte presence caused by either

A

reduced Hb content

increased RBC membrane

46
Q

causes of reduce Hb content

A

thalassemia
hemoglobinopathy
iron deficiency anemia

47
Q

causes of increased RBC membrane

A

post splectomy

liver disease

48
Q

rouleaux

A

chain of RBC

49
Q

cause of rouleaux

A

monoglobinopathy

50
Q

Dohle body

A

ER bounced at cell periphery

reactive- in infections

51
Q

Pelter-Huet cells

A

bilobed neutrophil nucleus

myelodysplastic syndromes

52
Q

Howell Jolly body

A

RBC with DNA in int

53
Q

cause of Howell Jolly body

A

post splectomy
megaloblastic anemia
hemolytic anemia

54
Q

Howell Jolly body presence = risk of

A

encapsulated bacterial infections

55
Q

hyperhsegmented neutrophil

A

6+ lobed nucleus

56
Q

hyperhsegmented neutrophil association

A

megaloblastic anemia

57
Q

cause of basophilic stippling

A 
thalassemia
lead poisoning
5' pyridine nucleotides deficiency
liver disease
megaloblastic anemia
58
Q

anisocytosis

A

RBC size variation

59
Q

poikilocytosis

A

shape variation

60
Q

hypochromic

A

low Hb

Block 6 (24 decks)

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