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PANCE > Heme > Flashcards

Heme Flashcards

1
Q

plasma cell mylignancy is known as:

A

Multiple Myeloma

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2
Q

tx for Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura:

A

usually self limiting

Steroids

IVIG

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3
Q

tx for Von Willebrand’s Disease is:

A

Desmopressin

Pressing Von Willibreands

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4
Q

vitamin which inhances the absorption of Iron is:

A

Vit. C

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5
Q

premature breakdown of RBC is known as:

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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6
Q

important maintance tx for pt with Sickle Cell Dz is:

A

Vaccination

Menigococcal

Pneumococcal

H. influenza

Influenza

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7
Q

Basophilic strippling is seen in:

A

lead poisoning

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8
Q

Cobalamin deficiency is seen in:

A

B12 deficiiency

CoB12alamin

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9
Q

Painless lymphadenopathy

Older patient

Chronic immunocompromised pt.

night sweats

A

Non-hodgkins lymphoma

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10
Q

Clotting factor 7 is extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

extrinsic = seven

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11
Q

Ferritin is:

A

stores iron in the liver

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12
Q

absorption of B12 requires binding to:

A

Gastric Instrinsic Factor

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13
Q

Coombs test is done to:

A

r/o autoimmune causes of RBC destruction (hemolytic anemia)

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14
Q

the mechanism of action of Von Willebrand factor:

A

attaches to platelletes causing agregation and adhesion

agregating and adhessive Von Willebrand

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15
Q

most common lymphoma in the young adults is:

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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16
Q

elements that decreases the absorption of Iron is:

A

Calcium

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17
Q

common manifistations of sickle cell Dz:

A

infections

pigmented gallstones

spenomegally

leg ulcers

dyctylitis

priapism

chronic osteomyelitis due to salmonella

renal failure

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18
Q

major adult hgb is:

A

Hgb A

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19
Q

Rouleax appearnce / stack of coins is seen in:

A

Multiple Myeloma

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20
Q

prolifiration of B lymphocytes is present in

A

CLL

B lymphocytic CLL

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21
Q

significant lab finding in CML is:

A

increased WBC

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22
Q

most lympomas are

A

Non Hodgkins

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23
Q

Adult with Sickle Cell Dz.

acute chest pain

wheezing

A

Acute Chest Syndrome

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24
Q

tx of Fe deficiency

A

oral Ferrous Sulfate 325 mg

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25
Q

Transition of CML to ALL is known as:

A

Blast Crisis

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26
Q

autoimmune destruction of platelets after a recent infection is idicative of:

A

Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura

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27
Q

spherical RBC

spherocyte seen on smear

are indicative of:

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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28
Q

Hgb H disease is:

A

Alpha thalassemia with 3 out of 4 genes being abnormal

H disease = alpha thalassemia

(HA)

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29
Q

most common cause of Iron deficiency anemia:

A

GI bleed

Menstral cycle

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30
Q

Thrombocytopenias that will produce Shistocytes:

A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

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31
Q

most common inherited bleeding disorder is:

A

Von Williebrand Disease

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32
Q

most sever type of B Thalassemia is:

A

Cooley’s anemia - B-Thalassemia major

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33
Q

Spontanious hemathrosis (bleeding into joins) is a sign of:

A

Hemophilia

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34
Q

Philadelphia Chromostome abnormality (9 & 22) is a sign of:

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

CML=Philadel

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35
Q

Most common cause of microcytic anemia is:

A

Fe deficiancy

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36
Q

MoA of Desmopressin is:

A

stimulation of Von Willebrand factor secretion

Desmopressin stimulates Von Willebrnand to secrete factors

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37
Q

tx for B-Thalassemia Major is:

A

chronic transfussion

with Iron chelation to avoid hemochromotosis

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38
Q

Elevated Homocysteine and normal methylmalonic levels are indicative of:

A

Folic Acid deficiency

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39
Q

Hymolytic anemia will show what ritculocyte count?

A

high reticulocytes

RPI>2

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40
Q

abnormal bleeding parameter in Hemophelia is:

A

PTT

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41
Q

Alpha and Beta Thalassemia

what ethnic groups?

A

Alpha > Asian

Beta > Meditrrenia

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42
Q

Methylmalonic Acid is or is not elevated in folace deficiency anemia?

A

Folate deficiency = normal Methlmalonic Acid

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43
Q

BCR/ABL gene detected

A

CML

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44
Q

facial malformations,

cognitive delays,

severe anemia,

bone disease/osteopenia

corresponds to what type of Beta Thalassemia?

A

Beta - Thalassemia Major

(Cooley’s anemia)

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45
Q

sicle cell dz pt should take what suppliment?

A

folic acid

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46
Q

Smudge cell are seen in:

A

CLL

smudge CLL

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47
Q

Deficiency of Folic Acid is connected to:

A

AlcoFolic abuse

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48
Q

Schilling test differentiates:

A

problems w B12 instrinsic factor (pernicious anemia)

from other causes of B12 deficiency

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49
Q

pt with meditranian origin have higher risk of developing what kind Thalassemia?

A

Beta - Thalassemia

Meditrenian Beta

50
Q

Anemia of Chronic Disease will produce

A

Normocytic Anemia

51
Q

HyperSegmented Neutrophils are seen in:

A

B12 anemia

hypersegmented B12

52
Q

Favism is:

A

intravascular hemolysis caused by ingestion of Fava beans

53
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia is diagnosed with:

A

Electrophoresis

54
Q

Thalassemia will produce what kinds of anemia?

A

Microcytic

55
Q

Thrombocytopenia which is caused by:

pregnancy

HIV

Cyclosporins

Quinidine

A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

56
Q

pain in the lymph nodes after alchohol is seen in:

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma

57
Q

drugs that induce hemolytic anemia through oxidative stress in pt with G6PD:

A

Antimalaria: -quine-, daspone

ASA

Sulfa

Nitrofurantoion

58
Q

Hgb A is made of:

A

2 alpha chains

+

2 beta chains

59
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies are seen in

A

Sickle Cell Dz

Jolly Sickle

60
Q

fast bone marrow failure with blast seen on the smear is indicative of:

A

acute leukemia

61
Q

common deficiency seen in pt with Sickle Cell Dz is:

A

Folic Acid

sickle folic acid deficiency

62
Q

Auer Rods are seen in:

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

63
Q

Pernicious Anemia reffers to:

A

autoimmune attack on gastric instrinsic factor

causes malabsorption of B12

64
Q

side effect of methotrixate is:

A

folic acid antagonist

will produce megaloblastic anemia.

65
Q

Most common type of leukemia is:

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

66
Q

sx of Hodgink’s lymphoma

A

night sweats

67
Q

Tx of Anemia of Chronic Dz:

A

Erythropoietin (stimmulate bome marrow to produce) RBC

68
Q

Lab values in Anemia of Chronic Disease

(Fe, Ferritin, Reticulocytes)

A

low Fe

hight Ferritin

low Reticulocytes

69
Q

abnormal coagulation after a serious injury, sepsis, burns, truama is known as:

A

Disseminated Intravscular Coagulation (DIC)

70
Q

Chronic Microcystic Anemia with various severity of sx is seen in what Alpha Thalassemia?

A

Hemoglobin H disease

71
Q

Acute Sickle Cell Anemia is precipitated by:

A

Infection

Stress

Dehydration

High altitude

Hypoxia

low pH

72
Q

what effect Hashimoto Dz (Hypothyroidism) will have on hememotology:

A

Development of Pernicious Anemia

73
Q

Bence-Jones protein seen in urine is a sign of:

A

Multiple Myeloma

Multiple Bence-Jones

74
Q

Neurolgocial sx are present in what type of Macrocytic Anemia:

A

B12 deficiency

75
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis is:

A

dominant disorder

resutls in spherocytic RBC

which are being destryed by spleen

LEADS to: hemolytic anemia.

76
Q

Anemica of Chronic Disease is caused by:

A

Inflammation

77
Q

Conditions where bone marrow does not produce

WBC, RBC, Pletallets (all cell lines are deminished) is known as:

A

Aplastic Anemia

78
Q

D dimers will be ______ in Dissemented Intravascular Coagulation

A

elevated D dimers

79
Q

presentation of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

A

FAT_RN

Fever

Anemia

Thrombocytopenia

Renal sx

Neurological sx

80
Q

pt with Sickle Cell Dz are prone to what types of microrganisms?

A

Encapsulated

81
Q

Isolated Thrombocytopenia in Peds

recent viral infection

petechial hemorrhage

mucosal bleeding

A

Immune/idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

Isolated Thrombocytopenia in Peds = ITP

82
Q

which factors are missing in Hemophilia A & B

A

Hem A - factor 8

Hem B - factor 9

83
Q

Most common Leukemia in children

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukiemia (ALL)

ALL CHILDREN

84
Q

blast seen on the smear is indicative of:

A

acute leukemia

85
Q

Ebstain Bar virus is linked to:

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

86
Q

Methylmalonic Acid elevated only in:

A

B12 deficiency

87
Q

child with sickle cell dz.

acute LUQ pain

Spleenomegaly

Fever

State of shock

all indicated of:

A

Spleenic Sequestration Syndrome

88
Q

lab values seen in Hemolytic anemia:

A

high LHD

high indirect bilirub

reduced haptaglobin

89
Q

presence of Hemoglobin S is indicative of:

A

Sickle Cell Dz

Hgb S = Sickle cell dz.

90
Q

neuro sx seen in B12 deficiency:

A

paresthesias

gait disturbance

vibratory sence

91
Q

Acute Leukemia seen in adults is known as:

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Myeloid - Mature adults

Lymphocitic - Little children

92
Q

+ Coombs test is indicative of:

A

atibodies that attach to and destroy RBC

93
Q

tx for Spherocytosis is:

A

spleenectomy

94
Q

Loss of all 4 alpha chain hgb genes results in:

A

hydrops fetals

95
Q

Neurolgocial sx are NOT present in what type of Macrocytic Anemia:

A

Follic Acid Deficiency

96
Q

Bite Cells

Heinz bodies

are indicative of:

A

G6PD

Heinz Bite Glucose 6 PD

97
Q

Reed Sternberg cells are indicative of:

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma

98
Q

pt presents with pancytopenia severe:

anemia (anemia)

bleeding (thrombocytopenia)

infection (leukopenia)

A

Aplastic Anemia

99
Q

B12 is absorpbed in:

A

terminal ileum

100
Q

Reduction in RBC production by bone marrow is seen in:

A

Anemia of Chronic DZ

101
Q

Lytic bone lesions seen on X ray is indicative of:

A

Multiple Myeloma

102
Q

Fever

Anemia

Thrombocytopenia

Renal impairment

Neurologic abn

FAT_RN

presentation of:

A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

103
Q

low Hgb A

high Hgb F

high Hgb A2

indicative of:

A

Beta Thalassemia

104
Q

G6PD is often seen in:

A

African American

Asian

Meditranians

105
Q

tx for CML is:

A

Imatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor))

106
Q

when switching from IM dosage of 1000 Cobalamin (B12) to oral, the dosage needs to be:

A

doubled to 2000 units.

107
Q

Favism is seen in pt with:

A

G6PD

108
Q

factor V lieden mutation results in:

A

HyperCoagulation

DVTs

PE

109
Q

Positive Osmotic Fragility test is indicative of:

A

Hereditary Spherocytosis

110
Q

earliest & best indicator of Fe deficiency is

A

low Ferritin

111
Q

what hemoglobin changes occure in Sickle Cell anemia:

A

hgb Beta is subtituted with hgb S

112
Q

condition that cause B12 deficiency:

A

Vegans (intake of meat)

Gastrectomy (absroption)

Chron’s Dz (absorption)

Instrinsic Factor

113
Q

reduced heptaglobin is a sign of:

A

Hemolytic anemia

114
Q

elevated Ferrotin

Chronic inflamation

Hepcidin and inflammatory cytokine (IL6)

low Fe

indicative of:

A

anemia of chronic disease

115
Q

complete lack of beta hgb chains is known as:

A

Cooley’s anemia - Beta Thalassemia major

116
Q

Positive Schilling Test is indicative of:

A

B12 deficiency

117
Q

organism commonly found in pt. with sicle cell dz?

A

Step Pneumonia

H. Influenza

Salmonella

Parvovirus 19

118
Q

Methylmalonic Acid elevated in _____ anemia while

Homocystine is elevated in _________ anemia.

A

Meathlmalonic >B12

Homocystine> B12 and Folate

119
Q

Restless leg syndrome is seen in what deficiency?

A

Iron

120
Q

prophylactic tx of children who had spleen removed due to Sickle Cell Diz is:

A

daily peniciilin

121
Q

Spleen is responsible for production of what antibodies?

A

IgM

(opsonize encapsulated bacteria)

PANCE (20 decks)

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