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PANCE > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Increase serum fasting Gastrin levels is suggestive of:

A

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

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2
Q

Scurvy is seen in

A

vit. C def

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3
Q

Bleeding from Mallory Weiss Tear is usually long lasting or self limiting?

A

Self Limiting

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4
Q

Virchow’s lymph node is located at and linked to what?

A

Left supraclavicular area

Associated with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

Pain that becomes worse with eating often corresponds to:

A

Gastric Ulcer

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6
Q

Hematochezia/bloody diarrhea with mucus is indicative of

A

UC

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7
Q

Gas w/i the wall of the small bowel seen on CT is a sign of

A

Strangulation

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8
Q

tx for uncomplicated small bowel obstructioin:

A

NG tube

bowel rest

IV fluids

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9
Q

Hep B window is defined as:

A

period of time when HBsAg and anti-HBsAg are bound together and therefor are not detectable.

Only anti-HBc are detectable

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10
Q

Pain that is reduced/improved with eating often corresponds to:

A

Duodenal ulcer

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11
Q

Bacterial cholangitis is often caused by what microrganisms?

A

E.Coli

Klebsiella

Enterococcus

Enterobacter

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12
Q

Diagnostic triad for anal fissure:

A

Fissure

Sentinel tag

hypertrophied anal papilla

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13
Q

Important complication of GERD is:

A

Barret’s Esophagus

Esophage Stricutre

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14
Q

weakness in the abdominal wall through Hesselbach’s Triangle corresponds to:

A

Direction Inguinal Hernia

Direction Hesselbach

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15
Q

Small bowel obstruction will production dilation of bowel greater than?

A

3 cm.

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16
Q

which polyps have malignant potential?

A

Adenomatous

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17
Q

Charcot’s triad + hypotension + altered mental status is known as:

A

Reynold’s pentad

Indicative of developing sepsis due to cholangitis

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18
Q

Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus affects what portion of the esophagus?

A

lower 1/3

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19
Q

signs of vit K def. is:

A

bleeding

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20
Q

Alarm sx of GERD:

A

Refractory heartburn (despite medication use)

Dysphagia

Unintentional Weight Loss

GI bleed

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21
Q

important complication of IBD is:

A

Toxic Megacolon

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22
Q

Definition of bowel volvulus:

A

twisting of the bowel

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23
Q

Tx for autoimmune Hepatitis is:

A

Corticosteroids

+

Immunosuppressant

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24
Q

Esophageal Stricture is usually preceeded by:

A

Long lasting GERD or Esophagitis

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25
Q

Pancreatic CA marker is:

A

CA 19.9

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26
Q

Zollinger Elison Syndrome can be diagnosed with:

A

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy

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27
Q

spams of the facial muscles in respons to taping on the angle of the jaw is known as:

A

Chvostek sign

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28
Q

multiple air levels in a stepladder patterns seen on upright supine abdominal film is indicative of

A

Small bowel obstruction

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29
Q

Pill induced esophagitis is caused by which meds:

A

Doxycycline

Tetracycline

NSAIDs

Bisphosphonates

Pottasium (KCl)

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30
Q

Jaundice + Puritis in a young male is notorious for:

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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31
Q

Dilated esophagus

birds beak / rat tail sign

seen on barrium swallow study are indicative of:

A

Achalasia

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32
Q

Choledocholithiasis often causes?

A

Chalangitis

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33
Q

Thiamine is also known as:

A

vit B1

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34
Q

Gastric Bypass causes which vitamin def?

A

B12

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35
Q

Protrusion through the internal/deep inguinal ring into the scrotal sac is known as:

A

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

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36
Q

next step after diagnosing strangulation of small bowel

A

surgery

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37
Q

Most common causes of obstruction (large and small bowel)

A

Adhesion>small bowel

Neoplams>large bowel

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38
Q

Pyroxidine is also known as:

A

vit B6

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39
Q

Raised white plaque (which can be removed) seen on endoscopy is indicated of:

A

Candida esophagitis

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40
Q

tumor marker used to monitor colon cancer is:

A

CEA

Colon=CEA

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41
Q

Visual problems are caused by deficiancy in vit?

A

A

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42
Q

Esophageal Varices are often caused by:

A

Portal HTN

Liver Cirrhosis

Budd Chiary Syndrome (IVC thrombus)

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43
Q

Sister Mary Joseph nodule are located at:

A

umbilical regions

seen in GI cancers

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44
Q

Esophageal cancer caused by:

Obesity

Barret’s esophagus / GERD

is known as:

A

Adenocarcinoma

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45
Q

Radiation therapy to neck, chest, upper abdomen will often result in what?

A

Radiation induced esophagitis.

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46
Q

Hereditary non-polyposis syndrome requires colonoscopy at:

A

25 y.o every 2 years old.

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47
Q

Chronic liver cirrhosis is differentiated from acute liver cirhhosis by the presence of:

A

Spider Angiomata (due to high estrogen)

Portal HTN

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48
Q

Mucosal involvment lesion are indicative of

A

Ulcerative Collitis

Mucosal=Ulcerative Collitis

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49
Q

Pathophysiology of Celliac Dz:

A

Destruction of GI mucosa

IgA ednomysial antibodies - most specifi

Tissue transglutaminase antibodies

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50
Q

Pancreatic calcifications seen on x ray

Steatorrhea (fatty stool)

DMI II

are all signs of:

A

Chronic Pancreatits

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51
Q

isolated elevation of unconjugated bilirubin

w/o any additional sx is known as:

A

Gilbert syndrome

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52
Q

Abx of choice for acute cholecystitis are:

A

Ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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53
Q

Which IBD is associated with increased risk of colon CA?

A

UC > CA

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54
Q

severe acute abdominal pain which is out of proportion is often associated with:

A

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

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55
Q

Tx for intussusception in kids is:

A

Barium enema

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56
Q

Most common location for Gastrinoma tumor is:

A

Duodenum

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57
Q

tx for PUK is:

A

strict control of protein intake

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58
Q

Transmural lesions are indicative of

A

Crohn’s dz

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59
Q

most common age for IBD is

A

20’s and 30’s

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60
Q

Internal and external hemorrhoids (painfull vs. non painful)

A

Internal > nonpainful

External > painful

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61
Q

Posterior esophageal outpouching in the area of hypopharynx is known as:

A

Zenker’s Diverticula

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62
Q

tx for Esophagial spasm is:

A

Ca channel blockers

hyoscyamine

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63
Q

Lead pipe appearance (loss of haustral markings) seen on barium enema is indicative of:

A

UC

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64
Q

Esophageal cancer likely caused by smoking and alcohol is:

A

Sqamous Cancer

(Sqamous=Smoking)

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65
Q

risk factors for Toxic Megacolon:

A

UC

Crohn’s Dz

Pseudomembranous colitis

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66
Q

Most common location for Diverticulitis is:

A

Sigmoid colon

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67
Q

Pain in the LLQ often corresponds to

A

Diverticulitis

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68
Q

Treatment for Esophageal Stricture is:

A

Endoscopic Dilatation

followed by PPI

followed by endoscopic triacinolone (if PPI fail)

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69
Q

Descibe appendicitis pain?

A

Starts at periumbilical regions

then radiates into RLQ

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70
Q

Epithelial problems and skin disorders are caused by def. in vit?

A

A

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71
Q

Charcot’s triad is indicative of:

A

Cholangitis

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72
Q

Abx for any colon conditions:

A

Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole

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73
Q

Pt with Sicle Cell Dz

Irrititable Bowel Syndrome

Hemolytic anemia are known

to have what kind of GB stones:

A

Bilirubin stone

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74
Q

Unique side effect of Cimetidine (H2 blocker) is:

A

Gynocomastia / importence in men

Galactorrhea in women.

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75
Q

in a pt with family history of colon cancer in a relative younger than 50 y.o colonoscopy should be perforemd at:

A

relative’s age minus 10 years old.

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76
Q

Tx options for Achalasia:

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

Nitrates

Botox injections

Surgical: myotomy, dilatation

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77
Q

Umbilical Ecchymosis (blueish collor) is known as:

A

Cullin sign

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78
Q

Definition of Murphy’s signs is:

A

Inhibition of inspiration due to pain during palpationg in the RUQ

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79
Q

RLQ pain vs LLQ pain in Cronh’s vs. UC DZ

A

Crohn’s > RLQ pain

UC > LLQ pain

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80
Q

Hematoemesis after extensive vomitting is usually a result of:

A

Mallory Weiss Tear

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81
Q

Medications known to cause pill induced esophagitis:

A

NSAID

Doxycycline

Tetracycline

Bisphosphonates

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82
Q

Most Common cause of Peptic Ulcer Dz (PUD):

A

H Pylori

Smoking

NSAID

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83
Q

Pharmacological tx of Zollinger Ellison Syndrome is:

A

PPI

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84
Q

Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) score is used to:

A

Diagnose portal HTN

SAAG>1 is indicative of portal HTN

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85
Q

The main pathological mechanism ofa Achalasia is:

A

Inability of lower esophageal sphincter to relax.

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86
Q

Ranson’s criteria is used for

A

evaluation of acute pancreotitis

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87
Q

Diagnostic method for infectious Esophagitis is:

A

Endoscopy with biopsy

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88
Q

marker of Celiac Dz is:

A

HLA-DQ2

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89
Q

Side effects of PPI:

A

CAP

CKD

Bone fractures

C-Diff

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90
Q

Acyclovir MoA

A

Nucloeside Analoges:

reduce viral DNA synthesis.

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91
Q

H2 blockers are more or less potent than PPI?

A

less

PPI > H2 blockers

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92
Q

CREST syndrome is seen in:

A

pt with Scleroderma:

Calcinosis

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Esophagial dysmotility

Sclerodactyly

Telangiectasias

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93
Q

What effect Scleroderma has on esophagus:

A

Thickening of esophagus leads to:

dysphagia to liquids and solids

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94
Q

Night blindness is caused by

A

Vit A def.

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95
Q

internal hip rotation of the bent knee (lateral rotation) is known as:

A

Obturator sign

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96
Q

Hepatitis that are self limiting and are fecal-oral transmission?

A

Hep A & E

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97
Q

Mouth to Anus lesions are knonw as:

A

Crohn’s

(mouth>anus>crhon’)

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98
Q

Abx tx for perforated appy:

A

ceftriaxone+metronidazole

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99
Q

Left supraclavicular lymph node enlargement is known as:

A

Virchow nodes

linked to adenocarcinoma

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100
Q

Risk Factors for Gastrinoma (Zillinger Ellison Syndrome)

A

Excessive acid production

Refractory PUD

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101
Q

Mainstay pharmacologic GERD tx is:

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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102
Q

Stomach adenocarcinoma has strong assosiation with

A

H Pylori

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103
Q

Hyperactive, high pitch bowel sounds are indicative of:

A

early stage of small bowel obstruction

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104
Q

Elevation of Alkaline Phosphate often corresponds to:

A

Billiary Obstruction

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105
Q

Most sensitive test of H Pylori is:

A

Urea breath test

(H pylori produces urease)

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106
Q

Highest rate of strangulation is among which types of hernia?

A

Femoral hernia

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107
Q

MoA PPI

A

Binds noncompleitively and irreversibly to H/K APAse and blocks H+ secretion by parietal cell.

108
Q

Gilbert syndrome

A

underactivity of the conjugating enzyme bilirubin-uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase.

109
Q

Corckscrew sign on barrium swallow test is indicative of:

A

Esophagial Spasm

110
Q

Infection of the anal gland often produces:

A

Perianal abscess/fitsula

111
Q

Predisposing factor for Infectious Esophagitis is:

A

Immunocompromised

HIV

Chemotherapy

Diabetis

Proloing steroid use

112
Q

Tenesmus is:

A

urge to defecate when there is no stool

113
Q

Schatski’s rings are caused by:

A

GERD/hiatal hernia

occure in distal esophagus

114
Q

Encephalopathy caused by liver cirrhosis is treated with:

A

Lactulose

and

TIPPS procedure

115
Q

RLQ pain with hip flexition is known as:

A

Psoas sign

116
Q

Plummer Vinson syndrome consists of:

A

Iron Deficiancy Anemia

Glossitis

Esophageal Webs

117
Q

Smoking is a risk factor for Crohn’s or UC

A

Crohn’s DZ

Cmoking=Crohn’s

smoking improves UC

118
Q

Long use of PPI may lead to:

A

lack of B12 cause pericious anemia

119
Q

sx of wet Beriberi

A

cardiac dysfunction and Wernicker’ encephalopathy

120
Q

in a pt with a colon polyp, colonoscopy should be performed at:

A

every 5 years after the initial colonsocopy

121
Q

most common location of bowel volvulus is:

A

segmoid

122
Q

tx for Clostridium difficile / pseudomembraneous collitis is:

A

Oral Metronidazole

123
Q

Flank Ecchymosis (bluesh sign) is known a

A

Grey Turner

124
Q

Monometry findings in Achalasia and Esophagial Dysmotility caused by scleroderma:

A

Achalasia>Increased lower esophageal sphincter tone

Scleroderma>Decreased lower esophageal sphincter tone

125
Q

MoA of Octreotide:

A

Used for Esophageal Varices:

reduces flow in the splenic vein

reduces portal HTN

126
Q

tx of toxic megacolon:

A

IV fluids

Abx

decompression of colon

colectomy if indicated

127
Q

sx of dry Beriberi:

A

neuropathy

poor coordination

128
Q

sx of anal fissure:

A

recent constipation

recent opiod use

sever pain after bowel movement

129
Q

Diverticulosis involves which layers of the collon?

A

mucosal and submucosal herniating through muscular layer

130
Q

Palpable GB is known as

A

Courvoisier’s sign

131
Q

Hep A and E are acute conditions therefore they will only develop which antibodies?

A

IgM

132
Q

absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses in the affected segment of the large intestine

A

Hirschprung’s disease

133
Q

Most common cause of Upper GI bleed are:

A

Esophageal Varices

134
Q

Tx for Herpes Esophagitis is:

A

Acyclovir (antiviral)

135
Q

Which hemorrhoid grade requires surgery?

A

grade IV

136
Q

Lactulose is used in:

A

Hepatic Encephalopathy:

it removes amonia from the blood

137
Q

Most common anal cancer is

A

Squamous cell

138
Q

Most common GI organ affected by Scleroderma is:

A

Esophagus

139
Q

Definition of Intussusception is:

A

Invagination of proximal segment of the colon into distal

140
Q

Risk factors for Intussusceoption in adults:

A

Neoplasm

141
Q

Pharmacologycal tx of esophagial varices:

A

Octreotide (vasoactive)

Vitamin K (corrects PT)

Lactulose (corrects encephalopathy)

142
Q

Most specific marker for acute pancreotitis is:

A

Lipase

143
Q

Most common location of anal fissure is:

A

posteir midline

144
Q

Dentate line:

A

divides internal and external hemorrhoids

145
Q

Ulcerative Colitits (UC) can or can not be cured with surgery?

A

sUrgery is cUrrative

UC = sUrgery/cUrrative

146
Q

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome is also known as:

A

Gastrinoma: gastrin secreting tumor

147
Q

replacement of squamous epithelium by columnar in the esophagus is known as:

A

Barrets esophagus

148
Q

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is linked to:

A

Ulcerative Collitis

GI/Bill Cancers

149
Q

hemolytic anemia in premature infants is caused by:

A

vit E def.

E=anEmia

150
Q

Skip lesions with Cobble Stone appearance is indicative of:

A

Crohn’s dz

Skip=Cobble=Crohn

151
Q

Pharm tx for mild GERD is:

A

Antacids

H2 blockers

-tidine-

152
Q

Palpable sausage mass in the abdomen is indicative of:

A

intussusception

153
Q

Risk factors for Intussusceoption in kids:

A

Viral enteritis

Cystic Fibrosis

Meckel’s diverticulum

154
Q

which hernia is more common direct or indirect?

A

Indirect

155
Q

Pt with IBD x more than 10 years should get colonosopy every

A

2 years due to increased risk of colon CA

156
Q

Birds’ beak or rat tail sign seen on barrium swallowing tests is suggestive of:

A

Achalasia

157
Q

Hep C is what type of virus?

A

Single stranded RNA

158
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis is related to:

A

Celiac Disease

159
Q

inability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine is known as:

A

PKU

160
Q

Misoprostol:

A

Prostaglandin analog

may be used to treat PUD

stimulates mcous and bicarbonate secretions

161
Q

Golden standard for diagnosing/confirming Celiac Dz is:

A

Serology with mucosal biopsy

162
Q

Example of H2 blockers are:

A

-TIDINE-

163
Q

Most common cause of large bowel obstruction is:

A

neoplasm

164
Q

Tx for anal fissure:

A

topical nitroglicerin

topical diltiazem

165
Q

Anal cancer is closed linked to which virus?

A

HPV

166
Q

Incarcerated hernia:

A

Non reducable

Blood flow is intact

167
Q

Hepatic Encephalopathy is caused by:

A

Liver cirrhosis:

Liver does not remove amonia from the blood

168
Q

vit E def. is seen in children with:

A

CF

169
Q

Gradual disphagia and regurgitation of undigested foods seen when lower esophagial spincter fails to relax is known as:

A

Achalasia

170
Q

Tx for long lasting bleeding from Mallory Weiss Tear is:

A

Epinephrine injections

Thermal Coagulation

171
Q

painless rectal bleeding in 2 y.o pt is usualy indicative of

A

Meckel diverticulum

172
Q
A
173
Q

Majority of GB stones are made of:

A

cholesterol

174
Q

Ranson criteria for admission includes:

A

age > 55

glucose > 200

WBC > 16,000

LDH > 350

AST > 250

175
Q

sx of Esophagitis:

A

Odonophasia

Dysphasia

176
Q

Diffuse rectal erythema is indicative of

A

UC

177
Q

Abx for non perforated acute appy:

A

Timentin

178
Q

Pain in the RLQ during LLQ pressure is known as:

A

Rebound Tenderness / Rovsing’s signs

(R=R)

indicative of acute appy

179
Q

LFT marker which is elevated in Viral Hepatitis is:

A

ALT

180
Q

Esophagial Food Impaction is suggestive of:

A

Esophageal Webs

or

Schatzi’s ring

181
Q

Gold standard test for: Cholycystitis and Cholagitis

A

HIDA>Cholecystitis

ERCP>Cholegitis

182
Q

B12 and Iron absorption are _____ after a prolonged use of PPI

A

reduced

183
Q
A
184
Q

Tx fir Candida Esophagitis is:

A

Amphotericin

Fluconazole

Ketoconazole

185
Q

Most common etiology of acute appendicitis is?

A

Fecolith

186
Q

Most effect treatment of GERD is:

A

weight loss

187
Q

Most common non GI manifistation of IBD is:

A

Arthritis (joint pain)

188
Q

Most Gastric Lymphomas are:

A

Non Hodgkins

189
Q

Risk population for Hep C:

A

IV drug use

organ transplant / blood transfusion prior to 1992

HemoDialasis

HIV

children born to infected mothers

190
Q

Niacin toxicity sx is:

A

flushing

191
Q

Tx for Hep C is:

A

Ribavirin + Pegylated Interferon

192
Q

Ulceerative Colitits can be treated with

A

Surgery

193
Q

Celliac dz in children under 2 y.o is manifested by:

A

malabsorption sx:

Diarrhea, weight loss, abd distention, growth retardation.

194
Q

The Gold Standard for diagnosis GERD is:

A

24 hour pH monitorising

(probe left 6 cm above the LES)

195
Q

Acute phase of Hep B will test positive for:

A

Hep B surface antigen

Hep B core antigen

Antibody to Hep B core (IgM)

196
Q

Best test to diagnose Achalasia is:

A

Monotomy study

197
Q

complication of phenylketonuria (PKU) is

A

mental retardation

198
Q

Colonoscopy screening should start at:

A

50 y.o ever 10 years.

199
Q

A person who recovered from Hep B will test positive for:

A

Antibodies to Hep B surface antigen

and

Antibodies to Hep B core antigen (G type)

200
Q

Risk factors for Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A

H Pylori

Smoking

Blood Group A

201
Q

Biomarker for Hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein.

202
Q

moans, groans, bones are indicative of:

A

HyperCalcemia

203
Q

Extraintestinal manifistation of IBD:

A

Pyoderma gangrenosum, Erythema Nodosum

Iritis, Conjunctivitis, Uveitis

Arthritis

Sclerosing cholangitis, Hepat, GB stones

204
Q

Currant jelly stool is indicative of

A

Intussusception

205
Q

Treatment Protocal of H Poliry?

A

Tipple Therapy x 2 weeks

PPI+Clarithromycin+Amoxicilin

or

Quadruple Theraphy x 2 weeks

PPI + Bisthmus + 2 abx

206
Q

sx of Zenker’s Diverticula:

A

Regurgitation, bad breath (halitosis), dysphagia

h/o: hiatal hernia, esophageal spasm

207
Q

IgA ednomysial antibodies are indicative of

A

Celliac Dz

208
Q

painfull McBurney’s point is a signs of:

A

acute Appy

209
Q

tx for acute IBD:

A

Corticosteroids

210
Q

Best tx for acute pancreatitis

A

IV fluids

211
Q

most common cause of small bowel obstruction:

A

adhesions

212
Q

Bird’s beak volvulus seen on abd film is a sign of

A

Large bowel obstruction

213
Q

risk factors for acute mesenteric ischemia:

A

a fib

PAD or CAD

hx of hypercoagulability

214
Q

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

A
215
Q

Tenesmus + mucus passage is often seen in:

A

UC

216
Q

Abx for diverticulitis include:

A

Ciproflaxin + metronidazole

217
Q

Enterochromaffin cells (ECL) in the stomach produce:

A

Histamine

218
Q

Abscess in the sacrococcygeal (natal) cleft is known as:

A

Pilonidal Disease

219
Q

Esophageal Cancer caused by obesity and Barrett’s esophagus is known as:

A

Adenocarcinoma

220
Q

alchoholics have which vitamin def.

A

B6 (pyroxidine)

221
Q

tx for intestinal ischemia is:

A

IV fluids

222
Q

Trousseau and Chvostek signs are indicative of:

A

hypoCalcemia.

223
Q

Loss of esophageal compliance and esophagial fibrosis caused by chronic inflammation is known as:

A

Esophageal Stricture

224
Q

B1 (Thyiamine) def. produces:

A

Beriberi

225
Q

Most common stomach cancer is:

A

Adenocarcinoma

226
Q

H Pylori mophology is:

A

Grem -

Spiral

Bacilus

227
Q

RUQ pain

Fever

Jaundice

correspond to:

A

Charcot’s triad

indicative of Cholangitis

228
Q

Imaging modality of choice in the setting of acute diverticulitis is:

A

CT with oral contrast

229
Q

spasm of the fingers caused by inflating a blood pressure cuf is known as:

A

Trousseau sign

230
Q

Niacin Deficiency is known as:

A

Pellagra

231
Q

The presence of antibodies to Hep B surface antigen (antiHBsAg) only is indicative of:

A

previous immunization

232
Q

Colon fistual are seen in:

A

Crohn’s Dz

Crohn’s fistula

233
Q

Apple Core appearnace on barium anema abdominal x ray should make you suspect:

A

colon cancer

234
Q

Onion skin pattern on a liver biopsy is indicative of:

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

235
Q

Large esophagial ulcers seen on endoscopy are indicative of:

A

CMV esophagitis.

large CMV

236
Q

Most common type of colon cancer is:

A

adenocarcinoma

237
Q

Transverse proximal esophageal Webs that appear like “shelfs” are known as:

A

Esophageal Webs

238
Q

Aspergillus is associated with:

A

Hepatocellular CA

239
Q

Sqamous Esophageal Cancer affects what portion of the esophagus?

A

upper 2/3

240
Q

Strangulated hernia

A

can not be reduced

compromised blood supply

241
Q

Distal onset with progressive continuous proximal invovlment of the colon is indicative of

A

Ulcerative Colitis

242
Q

pt. with Celliac Dz require supplementation of which vitamins/minnerals:

A

B12, folate, Ca, vitamin D

243
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by

A

C diff

244
Q

Asterixis is?

A

hand tremor when the werist is extended

seen in cirrhosis patients.

245
Q

Cullen signs and Grey-Turner signs are indicative of:

A

Acute Pancreatitis

246
Q

Autoimmune reaction to gluten (gliadin) products is known as:

A

Celiac Disease

247
Q

Valganciclovir is used to treat CMV esophagitis.

What is the important side effect of this medication?

A

Neutrophenia

Thrombocytopenia

248
Q

example of PPI:

A

-ZOLE-

249
Q

The best test to diagnoses GB stones is:

A

HIDA

not US

250
Q

Inability of lower esophageal sphincter to relax leads to:

A

Achalasia

251
Q

maintenance tx of IBD

A

mesalamine (5 ASA)

meaintenance=mesalamine

Penesa

Asacol

Rowasa

252
Q

Villous polyps are:

A

have very high malignant potential

253
Q

Ridig abdomen

Distention

Rebound tenderness

are possible signs of:

A

Toxic megacolon

254
Q

Thurmb print sign of abdominal X ray is indicative of:

A

Bowel edema (often seen in collon ischemia)

255
Q

Colon distention greater than 6 cm is indicative of

A

Toxic Megacolon

256
Q

Most common location of colon cancer is:

A

cecum

257
Q

risk factors for umbilical hernia:

A

female infants

pregnancy

obesity

258
Q

Tx for CMV esophagitis is:

A

Valgancyclovir

259
Q

MoA of H2 blockers:

A

Step 1. Blocks Histamine from binding to H2 receptors on paietal cells

Step 2. Reduces Acid secretion by slowin down H/K ATPase

260
Q

Colonoscopy or barium enema in the settings of diverticulitis is:

A

contraindicated cause of the high risk of bowel performation

261
Q

golden standard for diagnosis IBD is:

A

Colonoscopy with biopsy

262
Q

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is used for:

A

Dissolution of cholesterole GB stone in pt who can not proceed with chelycystectomy

263
Q

Multiple shallow esophagial ulcers seen on endoscopy is indicated of:

A

Herpes esophagitis

(shallow herpes)

264
Q

High levels of gastrin are caused by:

A

Perenicious Anemia

or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

265
Q

which antibody is indicative for primary biliary cirrhosis?

A

Antimitochondrial

266
Q

in alcoholic hepatitis AST/ALT will be:

A

AST/ALT>2:1

PANCE (20 decks)

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