heart, valves, blood

Question 1

what is the heart

Answer 1

an organ consisting of muscle tissue

Question 2

what are the heart’s 4 chambers

Answer 2

left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, right atrium

Question 3

how are the atria and ventricles separated

Answer 3

by the valves

Question 4

stage 1

Answer 4

deoxegynated blood from the vena cava flows into the right atrium

Question 5

stage 2

Answer 5

the blood passes through the tricuspid valve and goes into the right ventricle

Question 6

stage 3

Answer 6

blood is pumped out of the rv and flows into the pulmonary artery

Question 7

staage 4

Answer 7

the pulmonary artery sends the blood to the lungs to oxygenate it

Question 8

stage 5

Answer 8

the lungs transport the blood to the pulmonary vein which sends it to the left atrium

Question 9

stage 6

Answer 9

the blood passes through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle, the blood is passed onto the aorta which transports the rest of the blood to the body

Question 10

what pressue does the artery carry blood at to the organs

Answer 10

the artery carries blood at high pressure to the organs

Question 11

how do the arteries withstand high pressure

Answer 11

they have thick muscular walls

Question 12

what happens during blood sruges with arteries

Answer 12

elastic fibres stretch when blood surge passes then recoils inbetween surges

Question 13

how is the artery’s lumen

Answer 13

narrow

Question 14

how are the capillary’s walls and why

Answer 14

very thin walls so diffusion path is short

Question 15

how thick is the capillary

Answer 15

one cell thick

Question 16

how is the capillary’s lumen

Answer 16

wide lumen

Question 17

how is the vein’s walls why

Answer 17

thin due to low pressure

Question 18

what do veins contain and why

Answer 18

contains valves so blood stops flowing backwards

Question 19

when do the valves open in veins

Answer 19

valve opens when blood flows through correct direction so blood flows through

Question 20

in veins what happens when blood flows backwards

Answer 20

valves shut

Question 21

how is the vein’s lumen

Answer 21

wide

Question 22

what are the parts of blood

Answer 22

white blood cell, red blood cell, plasma, platelets

Question 23

what 3 things does blood plasma transport

Answer 23

digestion products like glucose from si to other organs
co2 from the organs to the lungs to be breathed out
the waste product urea from the liver to the kidney to be excreted from the urine

Question 24

what do red blood cells do

Answer 24

transport oxygen from the lungs to the body cells

Question 25

adap 1 rbc: ha-

Answer 25

rbcs contain haemoglobin, an oxygen carrying molecule which combines with oxygen in the lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin

Question 26

what does oxyhaemoglobin do

Answer 26

oxyhaemoglobin travels to the organs where it releases the oxygen

Question 27

adap 2: rbc no n-

Answer 27

rbc has no nucleus so that they have more room for haemoglobin

Question 28

adap 3: rbc shape

Answer 28

the centre of the cell has dimples
known as biconcave disc
gives rbcs a greater surface area so the oxygen diffuses in and out rapidly

Question 29

what are platelets

Answer 29

tiny fragments of cells
their job is to help blood clot