cardiovascular disease Flashcards
what happens when you have coronary heart disease
layers of fatty material builds up inside the coronary arteries
this causes the arteries to narrow so blood flow is reduced in the arteries
what could a blood flow in the ca being reduced do for the heart
it results in a lack of oxygen for the heart muscle
in extreme cases this can result in a heart attack - the heart is deprived of oxygen
what are statins
a drug which reduces the level of cholesterol in the blood, slowing down the rate of fatty buildup in the arteries
adv 1: statin
risks
proven to lower risks of chd
adv 2: statin
e- t-
effective treatment
adv 3: statin
l- ch-
lowers cholesterol
dis 1: statin
causes s e
causes side effects like liver issues
dis 2: statin
t- f- l-
have to take for life
what is chd treated with in the case a whole artery is bl-
a stent treats chd in case a whole artery is blocked a stent is a tube inserted into the artery
adv1: stent
blood flows trhoguh normally
dis 1: stent
prevention
wont prevent other regions of coronary arteries narrowing
dis 2 stent:
cause
does not treat underlying cause
what happens if the heart valves dont fully open
the heart has to pump extra hard causing it to thicken and enlarge
what happens if the valves are leaky
the patient feels weak and tired
what two things can we use to replace faulty valves
an animal valve like a pig
a mechanical valve made of metal
what is good about mechanical valves
they last a lifetime
what is bad ab mechanical valves
patients need to take anti clotting drugs as they cause blood clots
what is bad ab animal valves
animal valves dont last as long as mechanials and need to be replaced so patients dont need drugs
what is heart failure
when a pateint with cardiovascular disease’s heart cannot pump blood around the body
what do heart failure patients receive
they receive a donated heart/with lungs
what are 2 bad things about a heart/lung transport
there arent enough donated hearts for every patient to be treated
if received they must take drugs to stop rejection from immune system
what is bad about artifical hearts
artifical hearts increase the risk of blood clotting and arent a long term fix
what are 2 temporary fixes to waiting for a heart transplant
receive an artifical heart or allow damaged hearts to rest while on waiting list
what is a pacemaker
a group of cells that control the rhythm of the heart
if damaged needs to be replaced
what is an artificial pacmaker
hows it fitted
electrical device which corrects irregularities in heart rate
implanted into chest
what do articifial pace makers do
sends strong regular signals to your heart
whats bad ab artifical pacemakers
you will need regular checkups through life
3 reasons for heart transplat wait
tissue match
not many donors
need same blood type
