Health/Paper 1 - Wrong Answers

Question 1

What best describes a vaccination?

Answer 1

A dead or weakened form of a pathogen is injected or swallowed

Question 2

Which of the following is not a viral infection?

(a) measles
(b) mumps
(c) malaria
(d) influenza

Answer 2

(c) malaria - it is caused by a protist

Question 3

What does MRSA stand for?

Answer 3

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Question 4

What treats the symptoms of an infection only?

Answer 4

Aspirin

Question 5

In clinical trials, why are healthy volunteers used to test new drugs?

Answer 5

To see if there are any harmful side effects

Question 6

Which cells produce antibodies?

Answer 6

B Cells

Question 7

Explain why males are more likely that females to have a sex-linked genetic disorder such as haemophilia

Answer 7

Males have XY chromosomes, whereas females have XX chromosomes. A faulty allele is carried on X chromosomes - male only have one X chromosome, so allele is always expressed in the phenotype

Question 8

If someone does less hours of physical exercise per week, has high percentage of fat in daily intake of nutrients and a higher BMI, what does this increase the risk of and why?

Answer 8

Cardiovascular disease - there’s more risk of fatty deposits/ plaques in arteries/ atherosclerosis/ restricted blood flow to heart - which all consequently lead to cardiovascular disease

Question 9

Explain how a stent works to treat cardiovascular disease

Answer 9

A stent is a wire mesh tubing that is inserted into a blood vessel and is expanded. This widens the vessel meaning that blood can pass through normally. Cardiovascular disease is caused by blocked blood vessels, so the stent widens them helping the blood flow and allowing more oxygen to be delivered to body organ

Question 10

Describe how selective breeding has produced modern corn

Answer 10

Best characteristics chosen; parents bred together; offspring showing some of the best characteristics are selected; process repeated

Question 11

Genetic engineering can also be used to produce a new variety of modern corn.
Describe how the genome of this new variety of corn is different from the genome of corn that has not been genetically engineered

Answer 11

An extra/ new gene present in the DNA/ chromosome

Question 12

Explain why restriction enzymes are used in the process of genetic engineering

Answer 12

Used to cut DNA at recognition sites to create areas called sticky ends

Question 13

What would light rays look like for someone who is short sighted?

Answer 13

They would be straight lines heading towards the retina, but would meet before the retina (towards the centre)

Question 14

How can laser technology be used to correct short-sightedness?

Answer 14

It can re-shape the lens so that light is refracted to the retina

Question 15

Give the name of the phase of the cell cycle during which DNA replication takes place

Answer 15

Interphase

Question 16

During prophase of mitosis, the …

Answer 16

Nuclear membrane breaks down

Question 17

Describe what occurs during anaphase of mitosis

Answer 17

The chromosomes are split, and the chromatids get pulled to either side of the cell by spindle fibres

Question 18

(What do you have to be careful with in osmosis questions?)

Answer 18

That osmosis is the movement of WATER molecules NOT anything else (eg. sucrose solution)
Eg. If there is 20% sucrose solution and 5% sucrose solution, there are more water molecules in the 5% solution, so they will diffuse to the 20% solution

Question 19

Explain why proteinase K is used to extract DNA from skin cells

Answer 19

Proteinase K breaks down protein molecules in cell and nuclear membranes to release the DNA

Question 20

Describe the safety precautions that should be used when handling human tissue in a laboratory

Answer 20

Aseptic techniques should be used to minimise transfer of genetic material/ pathogens by sterilising equipment/ autoclaving equipment. Using protective clothing including gloves/ face mask/ goggles to prevent contamination

Question 21

Start next ones at…

Answer 21

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