Chapter 5 - Health And Disease - Pathogens Flashcards
What are the 4 main pathogens?
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists
Where is the DNA found in bacteria?
In cytoplasm
Which two pathogens are eukaryotic?
Fungi, protists
What are the 4 main ways that disease is spread?
~ droplet infection
~ direct contact
~ food and drink
~ breaks in the skin
How does droplet infection spread disease and give examples of diseases caused by it?
Coughs and sneezes e.g. flu, TB, and the common cold
How does direct contact spread disease and give examples of diseases caused by it?
When pathogen comes into direct contact with the skin e.g. STIs
How does food and drink spread disease and give examples of diseases caused by it?
Raw or undercooked food, and water containing sewage e.g. salmonella
How does breaks in the skin spread disease in the skin and give examples of diseases caused by it?
Enter through a break in skin or needle punctures e.g. HIV, tetanus
How can the spread of diseases be reduced or prevented?
~ simple hygiene measures
~ destroying vectors (carriers of disease eg. Mosquitoes)
~ isolation of infected individuals
~ vaccination
What is cholera caused by?
A bacterium
What is malaria caused by?
A protist
What is HIV/AIDS caused by?
A virus
What is tuberculosis caused by?
A bacterium
What is Ebola caused by?
A virus
What is meningitis caused by?
A bacterium
