Chapter 5 - Health And Disease - Disease Flashcards
What is disease?
When your body isn’t functioning as it should
What are pathogens?
Microbes (microorganisms) which enter your body and cause disease
What are the four main categories of disease?
Infections, deficiency diseases, inherited diseases, body disorders
What are infections caused by? (give some examples)
Caused by pathogens (flu, AIDS)
What are deficiency diseases caused by? (give some examples)
Caused by lack of a nutrient (scurvy, anaemia)
What are inherited diseases caused by? (give some examples)
Caused by a faulty gene (cystic fibrosis, haemophilia)
What are body disorders caused by? (give some examples)
Caused by many things (diabetes, cancers)
What are the four pathogens?
Bacteria, plasmodium/protists, viruses and fungus
When does your body show symptoms (eg. Fever, nausea)?
When there are sufficient pathogens in your body
What is the secondary defence system in your body?
The immune system
What is the primary defence system?
Your skin, mucus in lungs, tears etc
What do white blood cells do?
Manufacture antibodies against the pathogen
White blood cells acting against the pathogen can sometimes be enough, but can be used if not?
Antibiotics can be used to kill the bacteria, or other treatment, but if the body can’t overcome it, death occurs
When does an infection occur?
When a pathogen or a disease causing microbe invades and multiplies inside another organism
Why do pathogens, like bacteria, make us feel ill?
Because they damage our cells, but more often because they produce toxins
