Head and neck

Question 1

Where is the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 1

inferior to zygomatic arch, that communicates w/ temporal fossa

Question 2

What contains:
- inferior temporalis muscle
- lateral & medial pterygoid muscle
- **maxillary artery **
- pterygoid venous plexus
- otic ganglion
- mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, chorda tympani nerves?

Answer 2

infra-temporal fossa

Question 3

What joint is synovial articulation between head of mandible & articular fossa of the temporal bone and has 2 separate synovial compartments with a cartilaginous disc?

Answer 3

TMJ

Question 4

What allows movement as elastic and flexible cartilage of the TMJ?

Answer 4

articular disc

Question 5

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 5

• temporalis (elevates/retracts mandible, closes jaw)
• masseter (elevates mandible, limited protrusion)
• lateral pterygoid (protracts mandible bilaterally, depresses chin, swings toward contralat, lateral chewing)
• medial pterygoid (elevate mandible, grinding)

Question 6

What is the terminal branch of the external carotid artery?

Answer 6

maxillary

Question 7

What are the three parts of the maxillary artery?

Answer 7

1) middle meningeal + inferior alveolar artery (no anastomoses so can be at risk w/ root infections of teeth)

2) deep temporal, masseteric, pterygoid, buccal

3) posterior superior alveolar, infra-orbital, descending palatine, artery of pterygoid canal, pharyngeal

MOST of face!

Question 8

Where does the pterygoid venous plexus drain?

Answer 8

anteriorly to the facial vein via deep facial vein and maxillary vein out to retromandibular veins

Question 9

What is the pterygoid venous plexus continuous with?

Answer 9

cavernous venous sinus, veins of orbit, and veins of superficial face that can cause severe infections when spreading

Question 10

What innervates the oropharynx, carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of tongue, middle ear cavity, and eustachian tube?

Answer 10

glossopharyngeal nerve

lingual is anterior 2/3

Question 11

What is the most commonly anesthesized nerve for mandibular tooth procedures?

Answer 11

inferior alveolar nerve block, a branch CN V3

Question 12

What’s the depression in the center of the upper lip?

Answer 12

philtrum

Question 13

What binds the center of each lip to the gum?

Answer 13

frenulum

Question 14

What’s the junction of the pink skin and mucous membrane?

Answer 14

vermillion

Question 15

What causese brain freeze?

Answer 15

triggering trigeminal nerve - constriction then rush of blood

Question 16

What are the sections of the tongue?

Answer 16

palatine (anterior 2/3), innvervated by lingual nerve & chorda tympani
pharyngeal (1/3 posterior, glossopharyngeal)
divided by sulcus terminalis
vallate papillae - contains taste buds

Question 17

What divides the nasal cavity into 4 air passageways?

Answer 17

nasal conchae – warm air

Question 18

What causes anterior epistaxis?

Answer 18

kiesselbach plexus

Question 19

What causes posterior epistaxis?

Answer 19

woodruff plexus

Question 20

What are the arteries of the nose?

Answer 20

anterior ethmoid, posterior ethmoid, sphenopalatine, greater aplatine, superior labial

Question 21

How’s woodruff’s plexus formed?

Answer 21

sphenopalatine, ascending pharyngeal, internal maxillary veins

Question 22

Which sinus meatus is the most spacious?

Answer 22

inferior meatus - nasolacrimal duct opens here

Question 23

What are the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 23

maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoid sinuses

Question 24

Which sinus is the biggest?

Answer 24

maxillary