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Leadership Preminor > HC 9 Research Methods > Flashcards

HC 9 Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Steps before starting research (4)

A
  1. Definition
  2. Conceptualization
  3. Theory
  4. Validity
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2
Q

Definition

A
  • What do people mean with terms they throw at you, like effective, stimulate etc.
  • What are the characteristics of the relevant situation
  • What are the managers assumptions about the concepts (implicit theory)

Why is the organization interested in this knowledge

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3
Q

Conceptualization

A

How to measure the concepts

What does theory say about these concepts

Which theory seems most relevant

What empirical evidence exist about the relationship between the concepts

Other relevant concepts?

Does management agree with your analyssis?

Is the data obtainable

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4
Q

Theory definition (Sutton & Shaw, 1995).

A

A theory is a set of testable assertions that specifies a relationship between two or more constructs, for what reasons the relationships are important, how the constructs interrelate and under what conditions the relationship is expected to be observed or not

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5
Q

Approaches to theory (2)

A

Inductive approach:

Deductive approach:

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6
Q

Theory types: Umbrella Theory

A

(eg. Behavour = (perception of) the

situation X Individual; Lewin, 1946)

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7
Q

3 Research types in organizations

A

Descriptive studies

Correlational studies

Experimental studies

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8
Q

Descriptive studies (4)

A
  • Experts perceptions
  • Interviews
  • Case studies
  • HRM reports
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9
Q

Correlational studies (2)

A
  • Questionnaires

- Registration data (time sheets, sales statistics etc.)

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10
Q

Experimental studies (2)

A
  • Field experiments

- Laboratory experiments

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11
Q

Validity (2)

A

Internal

  • Are the measures reliable
  • Are the measures related in a logical way

External
- Can the results be generalized to other groups

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12
Q

Validity types (6)

A

Content validity (non statistical)

Experimental validity

Criterion validity

Construct validity

Ecological validity

Diagnostic validity

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13
Q

Content validity

A
  • Does the measure involve all sub-constructs

- Face validity

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14
Q

Experimental/research validity

A
  • Does the study have a proper design and is it properly conducted
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15
Q

Criterion validity (3)

  • Predictive validity
  • Incremental validity
  • Concurrent validity
A
  • Predictive validity: Does it predicts what it should
  • Incremental validity: Does it explain more the the related construct?
  • Concurrent validity: Is the measurement correlated to other predictors of the same construct?
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16
Q

Construct validity:

  • Convergent validity
  • Discriminant validity
A
  • Convergent validity: is the measurement associated with things it should be with
  • Discriminant validity: is the measurement unrelated with things it shouldn’‘t be related with
17
Q

Ecological validity

A

Are the results in line with real life observations

18
Q

Diagnostic validity

A

Are the results distinctive enough

19
Q

Ethical organizational climate

A
  1. Egoistic (pre- conventional)
  2. Benevolent (conventional)
  3. Principled (post- conventional)
20
Q

Incremental validity

A

Does it explain more than other related constructs

> Part of Criterion Validity

21
Q

Concurrent validity

A

is the measurement related with things it shouldn’t be related with, within the measurement.

e.g. the test measures also if you are male or female instead of length.
> Part of Criterion Validity

22
Q

Convergent validity

A

is the measurement associated with things it should be with

> Part of Construct Validity

23
Q

Discriminant validity

A

is the measurement unrelated with things it shouldn’‘t be related with

> Part of Construct Validity

24
Q

Inductive approach

A
  • Bottom-up
  • Van Observatie naar Theorie
  1. De eerste zwaan in het park is wit
  2. De tweede zwaan in het park is wit
    …
  3. De laatst waargenomen zwaan in het park is wit
    Conclusie:
  4. Alle zwanen in het park zijn wit
25
Q

Deductive approach

A
  • Top-down
  • Van Theory naar Observatie
  1. Alle mensen zijn sterfelijk (algemene regel, major-premisse)
  2. Socrates is een mens (bijzondere regel, minor premisse)
  3. Socrates is sterfelijk (conclusie)
26
Q

Theory types: Specific Theory

A 
Specific theory (eg. Behaviour = anticipated gain - 
anticipated loss; Becker, 1968)
27
Q

Ethical organizational climate

  1. Egoistic
  2. Benevolent
  3. Principled
A
  1. Egoistic (pre- conventional)
  2. Benevolent (conventional)
  3. Principled (post- conventional)
28
Q

Criterion Validity: what are the 3 types?

A
  • Predictive validity
  • Incremental validity
  • Concurrent validity
29
Q

Construct Validity: What are the 2 types?

A
  • Convergent validity

- Discriminant validity

Leadership Preminor (19 decks)

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