Handout 8 Flashcards
where are the majority of gram negative bacteria found?
in the gut???
most gram negative bacteria are rods except what 3?
Neisseria- diplococus “double douche”
and treponema and borrelia= spirochetes.
what do gram negative bacteria have in their cell walls?
LPS. It’s en ENDOTOXIN that is released when the bacteria lyse
is LPS an exotoxin or endotoxin?
ENDO- it’s part of the bacteria
what does the endotoxin react with that causes endotoxic shock?
macrophages
what are 3 organisms that pose the biggest danger for endotoxic shock?
Shigella, Neisseria, E. Coli
is LPS the same as bacterial exotoxins?
heck no
can exotoxins be released by gram -?
yes, gram neg and positive
ENDOTOXIN is all gram -
are antibodies to carbohydrate protective for endotoxins?
NO?
can endotoxins be converted to a toxoid?
NO! no vaccines! endotoxins can be converted though
would an endotoxin or exotoxin be more toxic in small amounts?
exotoxin
characteristics of the enterobacteriaceae family?
often intestinal flora and may cause GI disease
- becoming drug resistant0 problem with nosocomial disease
- virulence factors include endotoxin, capsule, and antigenic variation
ETEC?
enterotoxigenic E. Coli
EHEH
enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
salmonella typhimurium?
MURIUM- eggs and poultry “you like it so much why don’t you “MURY it???”
non motile ROD spread by oral feacal route
LARGE intestine.
not as invasive as salmonella
shigella
what causes the bubonic plague?
Y. Pestis
what is the vector for the bubonic plague?
fleas are the vector and rodents the reservoir
y. enterocolitica
reservoirs are pigs and such.
small intestine.
“enter COL”- COL is all about the horses, pigs, sheep, etc.
klebsiella pneumonia
kaleb causes pneumonia obviously, wound and soft tissue and UTIs
proteus mirabilis
enzyme urease
Mirabel
Proteus can Miracle a UTI and she wants top “erase” the memory
describe the virulence factors of cholera?
death is from dehydration
cholera toxin- an AB toxin
-pili, LPS and neruoaminidase
how is cholera transmitted?
water or shellfish.
what is one of the major causes of food borne illness in developed countries
C. jejuni
the jews get it! when they go to camp!
