Handout 16

Question 1

why is the plaque formation essential for gingivitis and periodontitis?

Answer 1

pellicle formation
oral bacteria is initially attach to the pellicle AND NOT DIRECTLY TO ENAMEL
biofilms= quorum sensing

Question 2

this hypothesis states that key organisms cause the disease. treat these with antibitoics

Answer 2

specific plaque hypothesis

Question 3

diesae is caused by a combo of non specific organisms- plaque causes the disease. treat by “reducing plaque” to some specific number

Answer 3

non specific

Question 4

host mounts inflammatory response to plaque, increased GCF flow (feeds Gram negative anaerobes), flora shift, increased virulence factors and damage
B. Treatment - reduce plaque to an “acceptable level” and maintain of healthy ecosystem

Answer 4

ecological plaque hypothesis
adds the host to this that will obviously mount an inflammatory response to the plaque. increased GCF flow = feeds the gram negative anaerobes, flora shift, increased virulence factors and damage.
treat by reducing plaque to an acceptable level
maintain healthy ecosystem

Question 5

• cause or contribute to homeostasis breakdown – other organisms called pathobionts then are able to cause damage. P. gingivalis is likely a keystone for perio disease.

Answer 5

keystone organisms.

the homeostasis breakdown.

Question 6

commensals that can go bad – these organisms cause the damage when conditions are right. For perio disease these include T. denticola, Tannerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Answer 6

pathobionts

these include T. denticola, tunneler, forsythia, agregatiabacter, actionomycetemoiamts.

Question 7

what is the host response in periodontitis?

Answer 7

C. Host Response- note that pathobionts must survive and thrive despite inflammation. Th17 response is destructive in periodontal disease.

Question 8

first organisms thought to be the case of disease in caries?

Answer 8

Koch… he just suspected that a microorganism causes this

Question 9

caries are a _____ infection

Answer 9

endogenous

they’re thought to be part of the host flora

Question 10

evidence for caries causing bacteria?

Answer 10

evidence of mutants streptococci in various carious lesions

isolates show sucrose consuming

Question 11

inorganic ions from saliva

Answer 11

reminerilization

Question 12

whats the most cariogenic sugar?

Answer 12

sucrose! glucose and fructose are less.

frequency and type is the most improtant

Question 13

what does stephen curve show?

Answer 13

shows the time it takes to restore pH after snacking for instance.
during this time, pH goes to normal and enamel stops dissolving
saliva can remineralize dissolved enamel

Question 14

what bacteria are the most acidiogenic and acidic?

Answer 14

strep mutans

Question 15

can stephen curve asses the cariogenicity of foods?

Answer 15

yes! tooth friendly foods labeled in europe.

tells you how much time needed to come to the normal pH

Question 16

ability to synthesize both extracellular and intracellular (food) polysacchradie from what?

Answer 16

sucrose

Question 17

can the attachment of srep mutants happen without sucrose?

Answer 17

it is thought so

Question 18

what kind of molecules on the mutans strep cell surface are important for binding to tooth structure?

Answer 18

LECTIN like molecules.

Question 19

what do the lectin like molecules bind to on the tooth surface?

Answer 19

glycoprotein pellicle (saliva)
coating the tooth surface. some timbre can bind to glyocoproteins on the tooth surface.

Question 20

do most bacteria have surface receptors?

Answer 20

not most.
mutants does and some like antiomyeces and songs make dextran. most plaque bacteria do not make surface receptors for gluons and unlike mutants, streptococci o not accumulate in plaque through dextran gluten ginding

Question 21

do you usually see lactobacilli before the development of caries?

Answer 21

no, rarely isolated before the development of caries.