H - Operative

Question 1

When to avoid veneers?

Answer 1

Poor OH and diet 
High caries rate 
Gingival recession 
High lip lines 
Extensive prep needed 
heavy occlusal contacts

Question 2

Alternatives to veneers?

Answer 2

No Tx
Micro-abrasion 
internal bleaching 
direct composite 
Crowns

Question 3

What are some problems with tooth bleaching?

Answer 3

Can burn or irritate the gingivae
Can make the teeth sensitive
Relapse of colour
WIll change the colour of the teeth but not the restorations

Question 4

Give examples of extrinsic and intrinsic tooth discolouration?

Answer 4

Extrinsic - smoking, tea, coffee, red wine, chlorhexidine

Intrinsic - Fluorosis, non-vitality, tetracycline

Question 5

Types of bruxism?

Answer 5

centric - clenching may be due to nerves

Eccentric - parafunction, involuntary grinding or clenching

Question 6

What is Posselts envelope

Answer 6

ICP-E-Pr-T-R-RCP-

Describes the dynamic movements of the mandible

Question 7

What 6 positions make up Posselts envelope?

Answer 7

ICP-E-Pr-T-R-RCP-

Question 8

Risks of internal bleaching?

Answer 8

May not work

May cause external cervical resorption

Question 9

What are occlusal interferences?

Answer 9

Undesirable tooth contacts that may produce mandible deviation during closure to ICP

Question 10

Functions of muscles of mastication?

Answer 10

Temporalis - elevates and retracts
lateral Pt - elevates, protrudes, depresses and lateral movement
Medial Pt - elevates and protrudes
Masseter - elevates and protrudes

Question 11

3 measurements to determine the length of a post? How much GP apically
How far does it extend into the root
What is the ratio with the crown?

Answer 11

4-5mm GP apically
1/2 to 2/3 length of the root
1:1 ratio with the length of the crown?

Question 12

What are the principles of crown prep (6)?

Answer 12

Preserve tooth structure 
retention and resistance to forces 
structure durability - enough bulk 
marginal integrity
Preserve periodontium - easy to clean as has smooth margins 
Aesthetics

Question 13

what is Ante’s Law

Answer 13

Refers to replacing teeth in perio patients

The Combined perio area of abutment should be equal to or greater than the area of the tooth replaced

Question 14

What is the strength of hydrogen peroxide used in whitening?

Answer 14

6 %

10-15% in carbamide peroxide

Question 15

What bleaching agent is used in tooth whitening?

Answer 15

Hydrogen peroxide is the active agent

Exists as carbamide peroxide in tooth bleaching.

Question 16

What is the first treatment for tooth discolouration?

Answer 16

HPT

Question 17

How could you do a temp for a veneer prep?

Answer 17

Spot bonded composite
only a middle spot etch + bonded so restoration can be flicked off
veneer prep may not need a temp

Question 18

Indications for use of an inlay?

Answer 18

Occlusal cavities
Inter-proximal cavities (typical MO or DO)
To replace failed restorations

Question 19

Why use temporary filling materials?

Answer 19

Improve aesthetics of prep 
Improve occlusal function 
Prevent sensitivity 
Prevent microleakage 
Confirm adequate tooth prep 
Maintain coronal seal

Question 20

What to tell pt regarding fixed pros - informed consent?

Answer 20

Invasiveness/reversibility of Tx
Longevity and success 
possible complications
The time involved and cost 
any alternative Tx options

Question 21

What does “chroma” refer to in the shade of indirect restoration?

Answer 21

The intensity of the colour

Question 22

What are rotation and translocation movements?

Answer 22

Both mandibular movements:
rotation - a small amount of mouth opening (up to 2mm) condyle remains in the mandibular fossa.
Translocation - Wider opening contraction of the lateral pterygoid and disc and condyle begin to move over the articular eminence.

Question 23

Worst sugar for caries?

Answer 23

Sucrose

Question 24

Purpose of a facebow?

Answer 24

to record the relationship o the upper arch to the condyles

Question 25

What is the terminal hinge axis?

Answer 25

Axis of rotation of the mandible when condyles are in the articular fossa.

Question 26

What are functional cusps?

Answer 26

Cusps that occlude with opposing teeth in ICP
palatal cusps of the upper molars
Buccal cusp of the lower molars

Question 27

What is a mutually protected occlusion?

Answer 27

Canine guidance causes posterior disclusion on lateral extrusion. No non-working side contacts.

Question 28

How to. examine pt occlusion?

Answer 28

Articulating paper
static occlusion - tap teeth
dynamic occlusion - lateral movement