H - Crighton Flashcards
Dental implications of a stroke?
Impaired mouth mobility - access
Impaired dexterity - OH
Loss of reflexes managing saliva
Stroke pain
Diagnosis of Sjogren’s?
Modified European criteria, need to have 4 or more. Dry eyes/mouth Autoantibody findings Imaging findings radionucleotide assessment histopathology findings
Components of schizophrenia?
Delusions
hallucinations
Acquired immunodeficiencies?
Viral - HIV
Cancer - chemo
therapeutic immunosuppression
Patients at risk of Infective endocarditis?
Patients who have had a valve replacement
- prosthetic valve
Any cyanotic CHD
other CHD patients
Primary and secondary stroke prevention?
reduce risk factors - primary
Antiplatelet action - secondary
Risk factors of a stroke
Hypertension Smoking alcohol ischaemic heart disease diabetes
What is GABA and what is it associated with?
The inhibitory neurotransmitter that blocks brain signals
Reduced levels of GABA are associated with epilepsy - abnormal cell to cell propagation
Oral side effects of an anticholinergic?
Dry mouth
Drugs that cause xerostomia?
Anti-cholinergics
Anti-depressants
anti-psychotics
mood stabilisers - carbomazepine
Most likely cause of anaemia in 45-year-old male?
Peptic ulcer disease
What is motor neuron disease?
Degeneration in the spinal cord Progressive loss of motor function death within 3 years of diagnosis - ventilation failure - Aspiration pneumonia
what is MS?
Multiple sclerosis
Demyelination of the axons in CNS
Progressive functional loss
Examples of neurosis(mental illness)?
Panic disorder
Bipolar
OCD
Depression
Examples of psychosis?
Schizophrenia
Neurosis vs psychosis?
Neurotic patients have retained contact with reality.
Whereas psychotic patients have lost this
Why is radiotherapy delivered over multiple sessions?
Fractionated
As not all cells divide at once
Tumour staging?
TNM
Tumour stage 1-4
nodes - N0 -N3
metastases - M0 - M1
What DNA complexes are essential for cancer cell survival?
Telomerase
protect cancer cells from being recognised as sites of DNA damage
Management of a stroke, acute and chronic phase?
Acute - reduce damage
- Calcium channel blockers
- Improve blood flow and oxygenation
- Ensure the normal glycaemic level
- Prevent future risk, aspirin
Chronic - rehabilitation
- Speech, language and occupation
Treatment of Parkinson’s?
Anti-cholinergics dopaminergic drugs (e.g levodopa)
Osteoporosis vs osteomalacia?
porosis - porous bone
malacia - poorly mineralised osteoid matrix
Length of time on bisphosphonate to make pt higher risk of BRONJ?
5 years
What is glaucoma?
A common cause of blindness
raised intraocular pressure
Dental aspects epilepsy?
Trauma during seizures
Drug complications
-anticonvulsants eg phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia
Treat at times of low risk of a fit
Dental aspects of SLE (lupus)?
Chronic anaemia - ulcers
Thrombocytopenia - bleeding
Renal disease - drug metabolism
immunosuppression - increased malignancy risk
