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3rd Year > H&N- week 6 (Brain & nerves) > Flashcards

H&N- week 6 (Brain & nerves) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the central sulcus?

A

To seperate the frontal and lateral lobes of the brain.

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2
Q

Name and compare A and B

A

A- Pre-central Gyrus- Contains the primary motor cortex.

B- Post-central Gyrus contains the primary sensory cortex

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3
Q

What is the function of the lateral sulcus?

A

To separate the temporal lobe (which contains the primary auditory cortex) from the parietal.

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4
Q

Name and compare A & B

A

A- Broca’s area which controls the muscles of speech production.

B- Wernicke’s area- Helps us understand what we are hearing.

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5
Q

What is the difference between white and grey matter?

A

White matter is myelinated axons (i.e. transmission tissue)

Grey matter is unmyelinated cell bodies (i.e. thinking tissue)

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6
Q

What are the ventricles?

A

A cavity in the brain that contain Cerebral Spinal fluid.

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7
Q

Compare A and B

A

A- Internal capsule- this contains projection fibres that bring sensory information up and down.

B- association fibres- allow impulse movement from the front to the back of the cerebrum

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8
Q

What is A?

A

The fornix- A white fibre tract that connects multiple limbic nuclei together.

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9
Q

What is the caudate plexus?

A

This circulates CSF.

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10
Q

Label this model of the brain

A
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11
Q

What is the septum pallosadum?

A

A thin membrane that seperates the lateral ventricles.

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12
Q

What is the function of the third ventricle?

A

This drains fluid from the lateral ventricle.

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13
Q

What is the arbour vitae?

A

The white matter of the cerebellum.

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14
Q

What are the folds of the cerebellum?

A

Folliar

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15
Q

What is this?

A

The Corpus Callosum- This allows Connection and transfer between the left and Right cerebrum.

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16
Q

Label this diagram

A
17
Q

What is the intermediate mass?

A

An adhesion between the two thalami.

18
Q

what is the function of the thalamus?

A

To relay sensory information.

19
Q

Label this

A
20
Q

What is the cerebral aquiduct?

A

This drains the third ventricle and moves CSF into the 4th ventricle.

21
Q

Compare the superior and inferior Colliculus

A

Superior- Reflex of head movement in response to a visual stimuli.

Inferior- Reflex of head movements in response to an auditory stimuli.

22
Q

What are the two ways the CSF can leave the 4th ventricle?

A
  1. Down the central canal of the spinal chord.
  2. Down the foramen Luschka (lateral aperture) and foramen Magendie (Median aperture)
23
Q

WHat is this?

A

Cerebral penducle-

This sends sensory information up to the cerebrum.

24
Q

Label this diagram

A
25
Q

Compare the types of olives.

A

The superior Olivary nuclei (for auditory pathways)

The Inferior Olivary nuclei (for proprioception)

26
Q

What causes the pyramids of the medulla oblongata?

A

The crossing of the descending motor pathways.

27
Q

What is this?

A

The vermus-

A gap found between the two cerebellum.

The falx cerebelli is found here.

28
Q

What is the internal capsule?

A

Where the corticonuclear and the corticospinal tracts come together before they travel down the brainstem

29
Q

What is a nucleus found in the brain?

A

A cluster of cell bodies in the same place completing the same function.

30
Q

What is the motor decussation?

A

An area in the medulla- Where the nerves cross so the spinal nerve gets inputs from the opposite side.

31
Q

What is the nucleus Ambiguus?

A

The area for CN9/10/11 as the seperation is not distinct.

32
Q

If there is damage to the right corticospinal and corticonuclear tracts. What does this affect and why?

A

The lower Left face and Left side of the tongue.

As the lower supply of the Facial nucleus and Hypoglossal nucleus only receieve inputs from the opposite side.

33
Q

Compare the two supplies of the facial nucleus

A

The upper face supply (recieves input from fibres on the same and opposite side)

The lower face supply (recieves input from the opposite side ONLY)

34
Q

What is somatopic localisation?

A

The idea that different areas of the cortex are dedicated to different parts of the body.

E.g. the Primary Somasthetic cortex.

The head and neck is larger than the lower limbs as they require more sensitivity.

35
Q

Label this diagram of the circle of willis.

A
36
Q

What is the function of the circle of willis?

A

To equalise blood pressure in the arteries and prevent a single blockage from cutting off the blood supply.

3rd Year (63 decks)

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