Gynecology

Question 1

dyspareunia

Answer 1

painful or difficult sexual intercourse

Question 2

dysmeorrhea

Answer 2

severe discomfort during menstrual periods; painful menstruation, typically involving abdominal cramps

Question 3

menarche

Answer 3

the first occurrence of menstruation

Question 4

menstrual cycle phases

Answer 4

1 - proliferative phase / 2 - secretory phase / 3 - ischemic phase / 4 - menstrual phase

Question 5

proliferative phase

Answer 5

1st two weeks of menstrual cycle

Question 6

secretory phase

Answer 6

menstrual cycle following ovulation

Question 7

ischemic phase

Answer 7

if fertilization does not occur, vascular changes cause the endometrium to become pale and small blood vessels to rupture

Question 8

menstrual phase (aka, menstruation)

Answer 8

ischemic endometrium is shed, along with a discharge of blood, mucus, and cellular debris; 50 cc of fluid loss is common

Question 9

peristalsis

Answer 9

wavelike muscular contractions

Question 10

endometrium

Answer 10

uterine lining

Question 11

female sex hormones

Answer 11

estrogen and progesterone / estrogen and progesterone are controlled by the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 12

3 layers of the uterus

Answer 12

endometrium (innermost layer) / metrium (middle layer) / perimetrium (outermost layer)

Question 13

female internal genitalia

Answer 13

vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries

Question 14

female external genitalia

Answer 14

collectively known as the vulva or pudendum / perineum, mons pubis, labia, clitoris, urethra

Question 15

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 15

implantation of a fetus outside the uterus; most common site is within the fallopian tubes

Question 16

endometriosis

Answer 16

condition in which endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus causing pelvic pain

Question 17

cystitis

Answer 17

inflammation of the urinary bladder (aka, UTI); caused by infection and is usually accompanied by frequent, painful urination

Question 18

menorrhagia

Answer 18

excessive menstrual flow

Question 19

leiomyomas (uterine fibroids)

Answer 19

non-cancerous tumors that develop in the uterus

Question 20

climacteric

Answer 20

Greek for “critical time of life” / The end of reproductive life.

Question 21

colicky

Answer 21

fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas of obstruction in the intestines (urinary cramping)

Question 22

corpus luteum

Answer 22

small yellowish body of cells / a hormone, secreting structure that develops in an ovary after an ovum has been discharged but degenerates after a few days unless pregnancy has begun

Question 23

mittelschmerz

Answer 23

ovulation pain or mid-cycle abdominal pain