Acidosis and Alkalosis Flashcards
H2CO3
Carbonic Acid
HCO3-
Bicarbonate
What is bicarbonate (HCO3-)?
A salt containing the bicarbonate anion.
What is an anion?
It is a negatively charged ion.
What is carbonic acid (H2CO3)?
It is an acid formed when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water?
PCO2
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
What happens to pH and pCO2 during respiratory alkalosis?
pH increases and pCO2 decreases.
What are the causes of respiratory alkalosis?
Hyperventilation, Anxiety, CHF, Sepsis, Thyrotoxicosis, Fever.
What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?
Hypoventilation, Anesthesia, Neurological disorders, Flail chest, Ketoacidosis, Starvation, Alcoholism, Cervical spine injury, Pneumothorax.
What happens to pH and pCO2 during respiratory acidosis?
pH deceases and pCO2 increases.
What happens to pH and HCO3- during metabolic alkalosis?
pH increases and HCO3- increases.
What happens to pH and HC03- during metabolic a acidosis?
pH decreases and HC03- decreases.
What are the causes of metabolic acidosis?
Ketoacidosis, Starvation, Alcoholism, Lactic acid from over exercising muscles.
What are the causes of alkalosis?
Excessive vomiting, Diarrhea, Salicylate (aspirin) overdose, Abnormal electrolytes.