Acidosis and Alkalosis Flashcards

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1
Q

H2CO3

A

Carbonic Acid

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2
Q

HCO3-

A

Bicarbonate

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3
Q

What is bicarbonate (HCO3-)?

A

A salt containing the bicarbonate anion.

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4
Q

What is an anion?

A

It is a negatively charged ion.

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5
Q

What is carbonic acid (H2CO3)?

A

It is an acid formed when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water?

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6
Q

PCO2

A

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

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7
Q

What happens to pH and pCO2 during respiratory alkalosis?

A

pH increases and pCO2 decreases.

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8
Q

What are the causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Hyperventilation, Anxiety, CHF, Sepsis, Thyrotoxicosis, Fever.

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9
Q

What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

Hypoventilation, Anesthesia, Neurological disorders, Flail chest, Ketoacidosis, Starvation, Alcoholism, Cervical spine injury, Pneumothorax.

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10
Q

What happens to pH and pCO2 during respiratory acidosis?

A

pH deceases and pCO2 increases.

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11
Q

What happens to pH and HCO3- during metabolic alkalosis?

A

pH increases and HCO3- increases.

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12
Q

What happens to pH and HC03- during metabolic a acidosis?

A

pH decreases and HC03- decreases.

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13
Q

What are the causes of metabolic acidosis?

A

Ketoacidosis, Starvation, Alcoholism, Lactic acid from over exercising muscles.

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14
Q

What are the causes of alkalosis?

A

Excessive vomiting, Diarrhea, Salicylate (aspirin) overdose, Abnormal electrolytes.

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