Gymnosperms

Question 1

Habitat of gymnosperms

Answer 1

pine trees occur in temperate climates but can be found in alpine forests, swampy soil, and dry sandy soil

Question 2

Structure of gymnosperms

Answer 2

have a well-developed vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem
They have a well-developed taproot system for anchorage rings in very windy conditions and to absorb water from deep soil in dry regions

Question 3

two types of leaves

Answer 3

Scale leaves and Green needle-shaped leaves

Question 4

Scale leaves

Answer 4

are brown and are arranged spirally around the stem

Question 5

Green needle-shaped leaves

Answer 5

have a thick cuticle and sunken stomata to prevent excessive water loss by transpiration

Question 6

the ecological role of gymnosperms

Answer 6

the wood of pine and yellow wood is used to make furniture. Pine trees are also used to manufacture paper and resin. Pine needles that have fallen off the rees create an acidic soil at the base of the rees which prevent other plants from growing underneath them

Question 7

economic importance

Answer 7

the pine trees and pine needles that accumulate under a tree assist in preventing soil erosion on the steep slopes where the dense plantations grow. The organic layer of material on te soil helps to preserve water