Cellular respiration Flashcards
The process of aerobic respiration
must take place in order for a glucose molecule to break down completely.
Where does aerobic respiration three phases
glycolysis
Krebs- cycle
Terminal oxidation
Glycolysis
glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm of the cell. A glucose molecule is broken down into two C3- compounds
Krebs cycle
can only occur if oxygen is present. The two pyruvic acid molecules that are formed during glycolysis move into the matric of mitochondria
Terminal oxidation phosphorylation
occurs in the folded inner membrane of the mitochondria
What is ATP
an energy carrier
What is the role of ATP
when glucose is broken down, energy is released. During phosphorylation, a third phosphate is joined to ADP, and energy is trapped in the bond between phosphate and the adenosine molecule
Similarities of photosynthesis and respiration
- they both occur in living cells
- require enzymes to work
- form ATP molecules
- take place during the day
- Phosphorus is an important element in both
- Co-enzymes have the same function, namely hydrogen acceptor
Similarities of anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration
occur during the day and night occur in the cytoplasm of living cells include the glycolysis phase are both catabolic processes carbon dioxide is formed during the respiration are both controlled by enzymes
What is anaerobic respiration
id the incomplete breakdown of a glucose molecule to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol in plants and lactic acid in animals, when there is a lack of oxygen. In plants, this is called alcohol fermentation
Differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
consists of 2 phases: light and dark phase
requires daylight
chlorophyll is needed
the important organelle is the chloroplasts
provides nutrients
converts radiant energy into chemical potential energy
Cellular respiration
no chlorophyll is needed
provides energy by means of ATP
the most important organelle is a mitochondrion
the end product is water and carbon dioxide
take place during the day and night
foods chemical potential energy is transferred to ATP
consists of 3 phases: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
The importance of respiration
Chemical energy in cells is released and transferred into energy-rich ATP molecules. ATP releases this stored energy in the cell in order to function
Respiration plays an important role in the carbon dioxide cycle because it releases carbon dioxide
Difference between Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration oxygen is needed to break down glucose Occurs in the mitochondria and cytoplasm 38 ATP- molecules are formed H2O and CO2 are formed
Anaerobic respiration
Occur in cytoplasm
2 ATP molecules are formed
CO2 and ethanol acid are formed
Glucose is incompletely broken down in the absence of oxygen
Only glucose occurs and glucose is broken down incompletely
