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Flash Cards > Grade 9 Science - Space > Flashcards

Grade 9 Science - Space Flashcards

1
Q

The Big Bang Theory?

A

The theory that all energy and matter in the universe expanded from a point.

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2
Q

How long ago did the Big Bang occur?

A

13.8 billion years ago

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3
Q

Inflation?

A

The act of the universe expanding at a rapid rate

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4
Q

How long after the big bang did inflation occur?

A

1 second

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5
Q

The formation of particles?

A

when helium and hydrogen was created

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6
Q

Why couldn’t atoms form until 400,000 years after the big bang?

A

because the universe was too hot

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7
Q

The formation of protons and neutrons?

A

quarks combined creating protons and neutrons

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8
Q

Quarks?

A

the broken up parts of protons and neutrons

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9
Q

How long after the big bang did the formation of protons and neutrons occur?

A

1 second during inflation

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10
Q

How long after the big bang did the formation of particles occur?

A

3 minutes

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11
Q

The forming of atoms?

A

The universe cooled enough to atoms

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12
Q

What was used to create atoms?

A

electrons, hydrogen, and helium

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13
Q

How long after the big bang did the formation of the first atom occur?

A

400,000 years

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14
Q

How long after the big bang did the light of the universe emerge?

A

400,000 years

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15
Q

Early light of the universe?

A

when there started to be a difference in temperature because of the collection of atoms

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16
Q

What is the early light of the universe also known as?

A

The cosmic microwave

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17
Q

What are the 3 things that are created when combined?

A
  1. Stars
  2. galaxies
  3. cluster of galaxies
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18
Q

The first starts are born?

A

The act of gravity forcing hydrogen and helium atoms together

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19
Q

Nebulae?

A

The formation of gas clouds

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20
Q

How long after the big bang did the formation of the first star occur?

A

100 million years

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21
Q

Formation of the early galaxies?

A

The act of gravity forcing and nebula’s together creating more stars

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22
Q

How long after the big bang did the formation of the early galaxies occur?

A

250 million years

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23
Q

The formation of planet?

A

Created by the star’s supernova expelling many different elements creating planets

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24
Q

Galaxy Clusters?

A

The act of many galaxies being pulled closer due to their gravitation pulls

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25
Q

How long after the big bang did galaxy clusters occur?

A

1 billion years

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26
Q

How many years ago did our sun and earth form?

A

4.5 billion year ago

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27
Q

How many years ago did the birth of first life on earth formed?

A

3.8 billion years ago

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28
Q

How many years ago did the first dinosaurs develop?

A

230 million years ago

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29
Q

How many years ago did the extinction of the dinosaurs occur?

A

65 million years ago

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30
Q

How many years ago did the first bipedal hominids live?

A

2 million years ago

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31
Q

How many years ago did the first humans live?

A

200, 000 years ago

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32
Q

bipedal hominids?

A

The first living creature to travel on 2 legs (the evolution right before humans)

33
Q

How many years ago did the first star form?

A

13.7 billion years ago

34
Q

How long after the big bang did planets form?

A

250 million years

35
Q

What are the 2 stars that form after a stellar Nebula?

A
  1. An average star

2. A massive star

36
Q

What are the 3 stages that come after an average star?

A
  1. a Red giant
  2. a planetary nebula
  3. a White Dwarf
37
Q

What are the 2 stages that come after an massive star?

A
  1. a Red Super Giant

2. a Supernova

38
Q

What are the 2 things that form after a supernova?

A
  1. a black hole

2. a Neutron Star

39
Q

How many different ways can a star form?

A

3

40
Q

What do stellar nebulas produce?

A

stars

41
Q

What are the 2 elements that stars fuse?

A
  1. helium

2. hydrogen

42
Q

What will our sun die as?

A

a white dwarf

43
Q

how do we know how certain stars will die?

A

by it’s mass

44
Q

What mass does a white dwarf have?

A

low

45
Q

What mass does a neutron star have?

A

medium

46
Q

What mass does a black hole have?

A

high

47
Q

Who discovered that the universe expanded?

A

Edwin Hubble

48
Q

How was the expansion of the universe discovered?

A

Through it’s wave lengths. He saw that throughout the years the wave lengths of the galaxies stretched, indicating that it was moving away

49
Q

What colour show the most stretched out wave lengths?

A

red

50
Q

What happens the galaxies when they move farther away?

A

They look redder because their wave length become more stretched

51
Q

What does CMB stand for?

A

Cosmic Microwave Backround

52
Q

how long after the big bang did CMB happen?

A

250 million years ago

53
Q

What does gamma rays do to people?

A

give them radiation sickness

54
Q

What has the shortest light waves?

A

Gamma rays

55
Q

What has the longest light waves?

A

the radio

56
Q

How was CMB discovered?

A

Through an antenna company, because the radiation caused interference?

57
Q

Who discovered CMB?

A

Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson

58
Q

What was cause of the interference through the antennas?

A

Remnants of radiation from the big bang

59
Q

At what time of day does the sun’s rays become the strongest?

A

in the afternoon

60
Q

How is sunlight strength dictated?

A

through the angle of the object

61
Q

When is the sunlight the strongest on a plate?

A

when it’s vertical

62
Q

When is the sunlight the weakest on a plate?

A

when it’s horizontal

63
Q

What angle is the earths tilt?

A

23 degrees

64
Q

how do you know which hemisphere is hotter?

A

the closer the hemisphere is tilted to the sun, the hotter is is

65
Q

What part of the earth gets the most direct sunlight all year round?

A

The equator

66
Q

What parts of the earth gets the least direct sunlight all year round?

A

the north and south pole

67
Q

If the southern Hemisphere is experiencing winter what is the northern experiencing?

A

summer

68
Q

If the southern Hemisphere is experiencing summer what is the northern experiencing?

A

winter

69
Q

How many phases of the moon are there?

A

8

70
Q

What are the first 4 phases of the moon? (days?)

A
  1. New Moon (0) (28)
  2. Waxing crescent (4)
  3. First Quarter (7)
  4. Waxing Gibbous (8)
71
Q

What are the second 4 phases of the moon? (Days?)

A
  1. Full moon (14)
  2. Waning Gibbous (16)
  3. Third Quarter (22)
  4. Waning Crescent (23)
72
Q

Why does the moon change phases?

A

From the different angles of the sun and the shadows of the earth

73
Q

Do we see different faces of the moon? Why?

A

no, because the moons rotation is equal to it’s orbit around the earth

74
Q

Waxing?

A

growing

75
Q

Waning?

A

Shrinking

76
Q

What side of the moon shows during Waxing?

A

The right

77
Q

What side of the moon shows during Waning?

A

The left

78
Q

How fast is the earths rotation compared to the moons?

A

much faster

Flash Cards (32 decks)

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