Grade 10 History - WWI Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Primary Source?
A
Evidence directly from history
2
Q
What are 4 examples of a Primary Source?
A
- diary
- letter
- court transcript
- music
- photographs
- postcards
- brochures
- live audio
- video recording
3
Q
What is a Secondary Source?
A
Evidence produced by historian to communicate to student/public. It is based off of primary evidence
4
Q
What are 4 examples of a Secondary Source?
A
- textbook
- newspaper
- magazine article
- Hollywood/documentary films
5
Q
What is the main difference between a primary and secondary source?
A
Primary sources are just the observed facts, while secondary sources may contain someones point of view
6
Q
What are the 4 MAIN reasons that caused WWI?
A
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
7
Q
Militarism?
A
The act of building and arming soldiers to prepare for war
8
Q
Alliances?
A
An agreement between multiple countries that benefits both sides (mostly used for protection)
9
Q
Imperialism?
A
The act of attempting to build up an Empire
10
Q
Nationalism?
A
When someone has so much pride for something they will fight to the death to protect that pride
11
Q
Empire?
A
The act of a powerful country taking over a less powerful country
12
Q
What were to 2 main alliances in WWI
A
- The Triple Alliance
2. The Triple Entente
13
Q
Who was in the The Triple Alliance?
A
- Germany
- Austria-Hungary
- Italy
14
Q
Who was in the Triple entente?
A
- France
- Britain (Canada)
- Russia
15
Q
When did Germany make and alliance with Austria- Hungary?
A
1879
16
Q
When did Austria-Hungary make an alliance with Serbia?
A
1881
17
Q
When did Germany and Austria-Hungary make an alliance with Italy?
A
1882
18
Q
When did Russia make an alliance with France
A
1894
19
Q
When did Britain make and agreement with France?
A
1904
20
Q
When did Britain make an alliance with Russia
A
1907
21
Q
When did the Triple Entente commence?
A
1907
22
Q
How did the Canadian first feel about the war
A
Canadian with ties to Britain signed up right away
23
Q
What was the “War Measures Act”?
A
The law that allowed the government more control
24
Q
What were the 4 laws in the “War Measures Act”?
A
- Restricting certain information that’ll goes public
- establishing more deportation and arrest powers
- More control over transportation and harbours
- More control over trade and production
25
What was the use of trenches for the war?
It was used to help barricade the soldiers in allowing them to be shielded and to attack on surprise
26
In the trenches why did soldiers put a coat over their heads when looking through the peep whole?
To keep the who dark so the enemy doesn't see anything
27
obsolete?
useless
28
What happens first in an attack on an enemy trench?
The attacking soldiers throw hand grenades
29
How many defence lines where their for Britain?
4
30
What is the most dangerous line of defence?
The British Lines closest to No man's land
31
Where and when was the 2nd Ypres happen?
It was in Belgium, Ypres, during April 22-May 25, 1915
32
Who participated in the 2nd Ypres?
Belgium, Germany, Canada, Britain, France
33
Why did the 2nd Ypres happen?
because Germany wished to take over Ypres
34
What were the 2 significance's of the 2nd Ypres?
1. First time attacking using chemicals
| 2. It's when Canada was starting to be recognised as brave
35
Where and when was the Somme happen?
France, River Sommes and July 1 - Nov 19, 1916
36
Why did the Somme happen?
To Relieve the french army by taking back land
37
What were the 3 significance's of the Sommes?
1. To help France get revenge
2. known as the bloodiest battle in WWI
3. Tanks were used for the first time
38
Where and when did the Passchendaele happen?
Belgium, Passchendaele and Oct 26 - Nov 10, 1917
39
Why did the Passchendaele happen?
because they wanted Passchendaele and to keep the pressure off of Ypres
40
Who was in the Somme?
France, Britain, River Sommes, Germany, Canada
41
Who was in the Passchendaele?
Germany, Canada, Britain
42
What were the significance of the Passchendaele?
1. Canada stole land then Germany stole it back
43
When and where did Vimy Ridge happen?
France, Viny Ridge and April 9-12 1917
44
Who was in the Vimy Ridge?
Canada, Germany, Britain, France Vimy Ridge
45
Why did Vimy Ridge happen?
They wanted the land because it had a land with higher elevation
46
What were the 2 significance's of the Vimy Ridge?
- First battle under Canada's command
| - First time Canada shows independence from Britain
47
When and Where was Canada's 100 Days?
Belgium, Amiens, Arras, and Canal du Nord August 8 - Nov 11
48
Why did the Canada's 100 Days happen?
We wanted to push Germany back and claim their land
49
Who was involved in Canada's 100 Days?
Canada, Britain, Germany, Belgium
50
What were the significance's of Canada's 100 Days?
1. End of war
2. Got Germany to sign Armistice
3. Great victory for Canada, upping their reputation
51
Conscription?
The act of the government forcing people to join and fight in the military
52
Why was conscription necessary?
because once people heard about the amount of casualties caused by the war they became not wanting to sign up
53
What were the 5 weapons used in WWI?
1. Guns
2. Artillery
3. Tanks
4. Gas
5. Airplanes
54
Artillery?
bombs
55
What types guns did they use?
- Rifles
- Machine Guns
- Flamethrowers
- Mortars
56
When was poisonous gas used in WWI?
April 22, 1915 by Germany
57
When were tanks used in WWI?
In the battle of Somme, July 1 - Nov 19 1916
58
When did people stop volunteering to fight in the war?
by 1916
59
Who decided conscription was necessary?
Prime Minister Borden and the Conservative
60
Who were the 2 people/group that were against conscription?
1. Laurier
| 2. The Liberals
61
When was the Conscription law put in to place and who was being conscripted?
by 1917 for single men ages 20-35 years old
62
What were 3 occupations that disagreed with Conscription? Why
The farmer, the unions, and the labour leaders because they need young men to do efficient work so they don't become bankrupted
63
In the end was conscription successful? Why/why not?
no, because many people in Canada were against it putting pressure on the government.
64
Who where the 3 groups that had enough power to go up against conscription?
Anti-conscription candidates in the Maritimes and Ontario, and the Liberals Quebec
65
When and where was the Christmas Truce?
Dec 24, 1914 on the Western Front on No Man's Land
66
How did the Christmas Truce begin?
One man on the British man showed a sign of temporary surrender and met the Germans on No Man's Land
67
Who was involved in the Christmas Truce?
Britain (maybe Canadians) and Germany
68
What are 4 things they did during the Christmas Truce?
- Sang songs
- played soccer
- played foot ball
- played cards
- gave hair cuts
- Sharing gifts
- Juggling
69
Why was the Christmas Truce Significant?
Because it showed how the lower rank soldier didn't really have anything against each other, showing the first sign of anti-war
70
What were the names of the 3 songs that were sang during the Christmas Truce?
1. Hanging on the Old Barbed Wire
2. I didn't Raise My Son to Be a Soldier
3. In Flanders Fields
71
What were the 2 main things needed for the troops?
1. food
| 2. weapons
72
Who took care of the crops during WWI?
the women and teenagers
73
How did war the 3 effect food?
1. Food was a main priority for troop
2. Russia being Canada's enemy meant that they could not exchange food
3. Countries in Europe had not food because war destroyed their crops
74
How did the war help develop Canada's industry?
by allowing them to gain more ammunition raising Canada's manufactured goods to $555 million
75
What were the 3 punishment for citizens that came from the enemies origins
1. can't own weapons or explosives
2. Anyone who became Canadian after 1902 lost the right to vote
3. Some were even sent to camps
76
What were 3 things women did at home during WWI?
1. took over jobs
2. sent supplies and food
3. sent funds (if possible)
77
What were 2 things women could do to help at the battle grounds during WWI?
1. Nurses (mainly)
| 2. driver (uncommon)
78
Why did officials at first discourage the recruitment of Aboriginals Canadians?
because they help racial views and feared the mistreatment if they were captured
79
What are the 2 thing aboriginal soldiers were particularly valued in?
1. snipers
| 2. scouts
80
What was the main reason the government took so long to commemorate the natives contribution?
At the time people were very racist towards them
81
Who was Tom Longboat and why was he considered a hero?
he was an Olympic runner and he was able to go up against racism and what it stood for
82
Who was Tommy Ricketts and why was he considered a hero?
he was a Newfoundland soldier and who showed his courage and pride for his country by going up against the Germans knowing it would suicide
83
Who was Billy Bishop and why was he considered a hero?
He was a gifted pilot fighter who was able to shoot multiple enemy aircraft alone
84
Who was Grace MacPherson and why was she considered a hero?
She was a brave driver who transported men around the battle field, she showed the men that women can be of use for more than just being a nurse
85
When did the United states come into battle?
April 1917
86
What specifically ended WWI?
Germany signing an armistice
87
Armistice?
an agreement to stop fighting
88
What as the spark that started WWI?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
89
Who started the WWI?
Serbia
90
Who was George Price and why is he important?
because he is the last person to die in WWI
91
Where and when did the Halifax Explosion happen?
in Halifax in Dec 6, 1917
92
How did the Halifax explosion occur?
it was a collision between a Belgium and French ship. The french ship was holding explosives
93
Which country had the most soldiers?
Russia
94
Which country had the least soldiers?
Turkey
95
Which country had the highest number of deaths?
Germany
96
Which country had the lowest number of deaths?
United States
97
What was WWI also known as?
The War to End All Wars
98
What were the 5 goals of the League of Nations?
1. to improve the worlds health and work
2. permanent world peace
3. Any disputes between countries would be resolved peacefully
4. to devolpe an international court of justice
5. refuse to trade with threatening countries
99
Why did the League of Nations not procceed?
because of their lack of power
100
What was the main connections
| that Spanish flu to WWI?
It became prominent in Halifax, the place in Canada that was most effect by WWI
101
Where and When did the Spanish flu originate
in Rural Kansas in 1918
102
Who found out where the Spanish flu originated?
John Barry
103
How many people died form the Spanish flu?
about 20 million
104
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
It was to decided the punishment that will be inbound on Germany
105
What are the 4 terms Germany must follow regarding land?
1. lost all oversea colonies
2. Alsace-Lorraine was given to France
3. France kept Saar for 15 years
4. other parts of Germany were given to Denmark and Poland
106
What are the 3 terms Germany must follow regarding Military?
1. German army could only have 100 000 men with no tanks or heavy guns
2. no air force
3. no large ships it navy
107
What was the term Germany must follow regarding Money?
Must pay 269 000 000 000 gold over 70 years
108
What was the term Germany must follow regarding War Guilt?
they had to take the blame for starting the war
109
Germany's reaction towards the Treaty of Versailles?
they did not like it at all, they blamed their leaders for agreeing to. So they seeked a new leader
110
Pandemic?
An epidemic of infectious disease
111
Overcrowded barracks?
When there are too many people within the barracks
112
Virulence?
How harmful the disease is
113
Influenza?
When someone is sick with the flu
114
Halifax/Haligonians?
someone who lives in Halifax
115
Quarantine?
To be put into confinement to prevent further sickness
116
Epidemic?
The spread of an infectious disease
117
Cautiously Optimistic?
When someone is optimistic but realistic
118
Public Restrictions?
When the government restricts certain information going public
119
Mortality Rate?
The amount of death within a region throughout a year
119
What order was the main battles for WWI?
- Ypres
- Somme
- Passchendaele
- Vimy Ridge
- Canada's 100 days
120
When was Archduke Franz Ferdinand get assassinated?
June 28th 1914
121
When did Britain declare war on Germany?
August 1914
122
When did the Canadian troops first sail to Britain?
October 1914
