Gonorrhoea

Question 1

What causes gonorrhoea?

Answer 1

Neisseria gonorrhoea
-gram negative diplococci

Question 2

What epithelium is infected in gonorrhoea + give examples

Answer 2

Mucous membranes with columnar epithelium
e.g. endocervix, urethra, rectum, conjunctiva and pharync

Question 3

how is gonorrhoea transmitted?

Answer 3

through contact from mucous secretions from infected areas

Question 4

is chlamydia or gonorrhoea more likely to be symptomatic?

Answer 4

gonorrhoea

Question 5

Symptoms of vaginal gonorrhoea?

Answer 5

50% symptomatic
-Odourless purulent discharge, possible green or yellow (50%)
-Dysuria
-Pelvic pain
-Irregular bleeding

Question 6

Symptoms of urethral gonorrhoea?

Answer 6

90% are symptomatic
-Odourless purulent discharge, possible green or yellow (>90%)
-Dysuria
-Testicular pain or swelling (epididymo- orchitis)

Question 7

symptoms of rectal gonorrhoea?

Answer 7

often asymptomatic, anal or rectal discomfort and discharge

Question 8

symptoms of pharyngeal gonorrhoea?

Answer 8

often asymptomatic, sore throat

Question 9

investigations for gonorrhoea?

Answer 9

NAAT (screening test)
-detect RNA or DNA of gonorrhoea (>96% sensitive)

Charcoal Endocervical swab- to guide which antibiotics (as NAAT only checks that the infection is present, not which bacteria)

Requires chocolate agar to grow

Question 10

Lower genital tract complications of gonorrhoeah?

Answer 10

-Bartholinitis
-Tynositis
-Periurethral abscess
-Rectal abscess
-Epididymitis
-Urethral stricture

Question 11

Upper genital tract complications of gonorrhoea?

Answer 11

-endometritis
-PID
-Hydrosalpinx
-Infertility
-Ectopic pregnancy
-Prostatitis

Question 12

What is a disseminated gonococcal infection?

Answer 12

when gonorrhoea spreads to skin and joints

Question 13

how can disseminated gonococcal infection present?

Answer 13

-skin lesions
-tenosynovitis
-polyarthralgia
-septic arthritis