Gluteal region muscle attachments

Question 1

What are the deep group muscles of the gluteal region? (4)

Answer 1

1. Piriformis
2. Obturator internus
3. Gemellus superior and inferior
4. Quadratus femoris

Question 2

What are the superficial group of muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 2

1. Gluteus minimus and medius
2. Gluteus maximus
3. Tensor fasciae latae

Question 3

What is the origin of piriformis?

Answer 3

anterior surface of the sacrum (between anterior sacral foramina)

Question 4

What is the insertion of piriformis?

Answer 4

medial side of the superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 5

What is the innervation of piriformis?

Answer 5

branches from S1 and S2

Question 6

What is the function of piriformis? (2)

Answer 6

1. laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

2. abducts flexed femur flexed at hip joint

Question 7

What is the origin of obturator internus? (2)

Answer 7

1. anterolateral wall of true pelvis

2. deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone

Question 8

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

Answer 8

medial side of greater trochanter of femur

Question 9

What is the innervation to obturator internus?

Answer 9

nerve to obturator internus

Question 10

What is the function of obturator internus? (2)

Answer 10

1. laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

2. abducts flexed femur at hip joint

Question 11

What is the origin of gemellus superior?

Answer 11

external surface of ischial spine

Question 12

What is the insertion of gemellus inferior? (2)

Answer 12

1. along length of superior surface of the obturator internus tendon
2. into the medial side of the greater trochanter of femur with obturator internus tendon

Question 13

What is the innervation of gemellus superior?

Answer 13

nerve to obturator internus

Question 14

What is the function of gemellus superior? (2)

Answer 14

1. laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

2. abducts flexed femur at hip joint

Question 15

What is the origin of gemellus inferior?

Answer 15

upper aspect of the ischial tuberosity

Question 16

What is the insertion of gemellus inferior? (2)

Answer 16

1. along length of inferior surface of the obturator internus tendon
2. into medial side of the greater trochanter of the femur with obturator internus tendon

Question 17

What is the innervation of gemellus inferior?

Answer 17

nerve to to quadratus femoris

Question 18

What is the function of gemellus inferior?

Answer 18

1. laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint

2. abducts flexed femur at hip joint

Question 19

What is the origin of quadratus femoris?

Answer 19

1. lateral aspect of the ischium just anterior to the ischial tuberosity

Question 20

What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?

Answer 20

quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur

Question 21

What is the innervation of quadratus femoris?

Answer 21

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 22

What is the function of quadratus femoris?

Answer 22

laterally rotates femur at hip joint

Question 23

What is the origin of gluteus minimis?

Answer 23

external surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

Question 24

What is the insertion of gluteus minimis?

Answer 24

linear facet on the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

Question 25

What is the innervation to gluteus minimis?

Answer 25

superior gluteal nerve

Question 26

What is the function of gluteus minimis? (4)

Answer 26

1. abducts femur at hip joint
2. holds pelvis secure over stance leg
3. prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking
4. medially rotates thigh

Question 27

What is the origin of gluteus medius?

Answer 27

external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Question 28

What is the insertion of gluteus medius?

Answer 28

elongate facet on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Question 29

What is the innervation to the gluteus medius?

Answer 29

superior gluteal nerve

Question 30

What is the function of gluteus medius? (4)

Answer 30

1. abducts femur at hip joint
2. holds pelvis secure over leg stance
3. prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking
4. medially rotates thigh

Question 31

What is the origin of gluteus maximus? (6)

Answer 31

1. fascia covering gluteus medius
2. external surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line
3. fascia of erector spinae
4. dorsal surface of lower sacrum
5. lateral margin of coccyx
6. external surface of sacrotuberous ligament

Question 32

What gluteal lines are there? (3)

Answer 32

1. posterior
2. middle/ anterior
3. inferior

Question 33

What is the insertion of gluteus maximus?

Answer 33

1. posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata

2. gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

Question 34

What is the innervation of gluteus maximus?

Answer 34

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 35

What is the function of gluteus maximus? (5) - all the laterals are powerful extensors and abductors

Answer 35

1. powerful extensor of flexed femur at hip joint
2. lateral stabiliser of hip joint
3. lateral stabiliser of knee joint
4. laterally rotates thigh
5. abducts thigh

Question 36

What is the origin of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 36

lateral aspect of crest of ilium (between ASIS and tubercle of the crest)

most anterior of superficial group muscles

Question 37

What is the insertion of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 37

iliotibial tract of fascia lata

Question 38

What is the innervation of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 38

superior gluteal nerve

Question 39

What is the function of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 39

stabilises the knee in extension