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Anatomy term 2 > Back muscles attachments > Flashcards

Back muscles attachments Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the back divided into? (2)

A
  1. superficial (extrinsic)

2. deep (intrinsic)

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2
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back innervated by?

A

ventral rami of spinal nerves

accessory nerve

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3
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles divided into?

A

superficial and intermediate groups

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4
Q

What are the muscles in the superficial group of extrinsic back muscles?

A
  1. rhomboid major and minor
  2. levator scapulae
  3. trapezius
  4. latissimus dorsi
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5
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid major?

A

spinous process of TIII to TV

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6
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid major?

A

medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle

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7
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid major?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

What is the function of rhomboid major?

A
  1. retracts (adducts)

2. elevates scapula

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9
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid minor?

A
  1. the lower portion of ligamentum nuchae

2. spinous processes of CVII and TI

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10
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid minor?

A

medial border of scapula at spine of scapula

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11
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid minor?

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)

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12
Q

What is the function of rhomboid minor?

A
  1. retracts (adducts)

2. elevates scapula

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13
Q

What is the origin of levator scapulae?

A

transverse processes of CI to CIV

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14
Q

What is the insertion of levator scapulae?

A

upper portion of medial border of scapula

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15
Q

What is the innervation of levator scapulae?

A
  1. C3 to C4

2. dorsal scapular nerve

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16
Q

What is the function of levator scapulae?

A

elevates scapula

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17
Q

What is the origin of trapezius?

A
  1. superior nuchal line
  2. external occipital protuberance
  3. ligamentum nuchae
  4. spinous processes of CVII to TXII
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18
Q

What is the innervation to trapezius?

A

motor

  1. accessory nerve

proprioception

  1. C3 and C4
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19
Q

What is the function of trapezius?

A
  1. assists in rotating the scapula during abduction of the humerus above horizontal
  2. upper fibres - elevate
  3. middle fibres - adducts
  4. lower fibres - depress scapula
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20
Q

What is the origin of latissimus dorsi?

A
  1. spinous processes of TVII to LV
  2. spinous processes of sacrum
  3. iliac crest
  4. ribs X to XII
21
Q

What is the insertion of latissimus dorsi?

A

floor of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus

22
Q

What is the innervation to latissimus dorsi?

A

thoracodorsal nerve (C6 to C8)

23
Q

What is the function of latissimus dorsi?

A
  1. extends the humerus
  2. adducts the humerus
  3. medially rotates the humerus
24
Q

What muscles are in the intermediate group of the extrinsic back muscles and what do these muscles act as?

A
  1. serratus posterior superior
  2. serratus posterior inferior

weak accessory muscles for respiration

25
Q

What is the origin of serratus posterior superior?

A
  1. lower portion of ligamentum nuchae
  2. spinous processes of CVII to TIII
  3. supraspinous ligaments
26
Q

What is the insertion of serratus posterior superior?

A
  1. upper border of ribs II to V

- just lateral to their angles

27
Q

What is the innervation to serratus posterior superior?

A

anterior rami of upper thoracic nerves (T2 and T5)

28
Q

What is the function of serratus posterior superior?

A

elevates ribs II to V

29
Q

What is the origin of serratus posterior inferior?

A
  1. spinous processes of TXI to LIII

2. supraspinous ligaments

30
Q

What is the insertion of superior posterior inferior?

A
  1. lower border of ribs IX to XII

- just lateral to their angles

31
Q

What is the innervation of superior posterior inferior?

A

anterior rami of lower thoracic nerves (T9 - T12)

32
Q

What is the function of superior posterior inferior?

A
  1. depresses ribs IX and XII

2. prevent lower ribs from being elevated when diaphragm contracts

33
Q

What are in intrinsic or deep/ intrinsic muscles of the back innervated by?

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

34
Q

What 3 groups can the deep/intrinsic muscles of the back be divided into?

A
  1. superficial
  2. intermedial
  3. deep
35
Q

What muscles are in the superficial group of the deep/intrinsic muscles of the back?

A
  1. splenius capitus

2. splenius cervicus

36
Q

What is the origin of splenius capitus?

A
  1. lower half of ligamentum nuchae

2. spinous processes of CVII to TIV

37
Q

What is the insertion of splenius capitus?

A
  1. mastoid process

2. skull below lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line

38
Q

What is the innervation of splenius capitus?

A

posterior rami of middle cervical nerves

39
Q

What is the function of splenius capitus?

A

together

  1. draw head backwards
  2. extends neck

individually

  1. draw and rotate head to one side - turn face to same side
40
Q

What is the origin of splenius cervicis?

A

spinous processes of TIII to TVI

41
Q

What is the insertion of splenius cervicis?

A

transverse processes of CI to CIII

42
Q

What is the innervation of splenius cervicis?

A

posterior rami of lower cervical nerves

43
Q

What is the function of splenius cervicis?

A

together

  1. extend the neck

Individually

  1. draw and rotate head to one side - face turned to the same side
44
Q

What is the intermediate group of muscles of the intrinsic to deep muscles of the back?

A

large erector spinae muscles - lie either side of the vertebral column

45
Q

What is the main function erector spinae?

A

chief extensor vertebral column

46
Q

What 3 muscles does the erector spinae muscle consist of from medial to lateral?

A
  1. spinalis
  2. longissimus
  3. iliocostalis
47
Q

NOTE

A

DO NOT NEED TO KNOW THE ATTACHMENTS OF ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES

48
Q

What are the muscles of the deep group of the intrinsic muscles of the back and what is their origin and insertion and what they also known as?

A
  1. semispinalis
  2. multifidis
  3. rotares

origin - transverse processes of the vertebrae

insert - spinous process of more superior vertebrae

know as - transversospinalis group

Anatomy term 2 (25 decks)

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