Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
what is gluconeogenesis
glucose being synthesized from non carbohydrate precursors
what’s the primary function of gluconeogenesis
to assist in maintaining adequate glucose levels in the blood
where does gluconeogenesis occur?
liver and kidney (largely the liver)
what are the precursors of pyruvate in gluconeogenesis
lactate, amino acids, glycerol
where does oxaloacetate reside
the mitochondria
what does pyruvate carboxylase require to work
acetyl coa to be bound to the enzyme (does not occur without it) acetyl cow is called an obligate allosteric activator
how does oxaloacetate get out of the mitochondria
it gets converted to Malate by malate dehydrogenase which is able to leave the mitochondria
what are the 4 new enzymes in gluconeogenesis?
pyruvate carboxylase
PEP carboxykinase
fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase
glucose 6 phosphatase
what enzyme converts oxaloacetate to malate and back?
malate dehydrogenase
where is glucose 6 phosphatase located?
the lumen (inside of the ER in the cell)
is gluconeogenesis energetically favourable or unfavourable? and what does that mean?
unfavourable but it is an example of a metabolic process that is powered forward by couplings of reactions to make it energetically favourable
which pathway is activated when glucose is abundant
glycolysis
what’s something about allosteric enzymes and concentration
the one with more concentration will normally bind to the active site
which tissues are glucose 6 phosphatase located in
primarily the liver and kidneys
which pathway does fructose 2,6 bisphosphate inhibit? why?
gluconeogenesis. it inhibits fructose 1,6 bisphophotase
