❄️ glaciation sg3a

Question 1

which physical factors influence the formation of landforms within the landscape system (5)

Answer 1

• geology
• aspect
• latitude
• altitude
• relief

Question 2

what are the 3 different geological areas in lake district

Answer 2

• skiddaw group
• borrowdale volcanic district
• windermere group

Question 3

characteristics of skiddaw group

Answer 3

• rounded mountains
• slates
• not resistant to weathering/erosion
• metamorphic rocks

Question 4

characteristics of borrowdale of volcanic group

Answer 4

• igneous rock
• resistant to weathering & erosion
• dense interlocking rock structure with joints
• rugged topography (125 corries as lots of places for them to form)

Question 5

characteristics of windermere group

Answer 5

• sedimentary rocks
• least resistant to erosion
• gentle foothills

Question 6

how does altitude influence formation of landforms

Answer 6

high altitude (up to almost 1000m above sea level) = colder so glaciers can form

Question 7

how does aspect affect formation of landforms

Answer 7

less sun on north/east sides of mountains = more accumulation = more diagnesis = larger mass of snow = more potential energy = more rotational movement & more rotational slip so corrie glaciers can form

Question 8

examples of corries in lake district and description

Answer 8

• nethermost cove
• red tarn: 716m above sea level, backwall is 216m tall, 500m^2, north east orinetated

Question 9

example of arête in lake district and description

Answer 9

striding edge: 1.5km long

Question 10

example of hanging valley in lake district and description

Answer 10

glenridding beck
- 5km long
- 560m below red tarn

Question 11

example of ribbon lake in lake district and description

Answer 11

ullswater: 11km long, 900m wide

Question 12

example of glacial trough in lake district and description

Answer 12

patterdale: 13km long, 2km wide, 200-300m tall (sides)

Question 13

example of peak in lake district and description

Answer 13

helvellyn fell: 950m above sea level

Question 14

example of roche moutonnee in lake district and description

Answer 14

norfolk island: in ullswater, 1000m^2

Question 15

examples of moraine in lake district and description

Answer 15

• hummocky moraine: glenridding beck, retreating corrie glacier = mounds of toll left by ice when it melts
• end moraine: red yarn corrie lip created when erosion decreases

Question 16

example of drumlins in lake district and description

Answer 16

eden vale: 308 drumlins, glacier thins in zone of ablation = less competency so drumlins created

Question 17

example of erratics in lake district and description

Answer 17

allonby: north west coast of cumbria

Question 18

how are hanging valleys and glacial troughs interrelated

Answer 18

tributary glacier in hanging valley added mass to valley glacier = more potential energy = more kinetic energy = more erosion of trough

Question 19

how are erosional landforms & depositions landorms interrelated

Answer 19

plucking & weathering steepens backwall of a corrie but also created subglacial debris which is deposited in zone of ablation eg moraine

Question 20

short term changes to glacial landforms in lake district

Answer 20

mass movement
- rockfall eg creating scree slopes on backwall of a corrie or on a drumlin

Question 21

medium term changes to glacial landforms in lake district

Answer 21

FTW
- water enters cracks, seasonal temp change is needed for it to freeze & melt repeatedly
biological weathering
- plants grow in warmer periods = carbonation/roots cracking rocks

Question 22

long term changes to glacial landforms in lake district

Answer 22

glacial erosion:
- during ice age corrie glacier forms & erosional processes shape the corrie
glacial deposition:
- during ice age subglacial sediment deformation led to drumlins forming