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geography > ❄️ glaciation sg2b > Flashcards

❄️ glaciation sg2b Flashcards

1
Q

3 different types of moraine

A
  • terminal: furthest it ever advanced to
  • recessional: across valley floor, as glacier has moved backwards
  • lateral: along sides
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2
Q

how is terminal moraine formed

A
  • glacier is stationary so a ridge of deposited material is created
  • ice starts melting so more material is deposited
  • ice supports back so it has a steeper slope (stoss end)
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3
Q

how is lateral moraine formed

A
  • material falls down valley sides via mass movement
  • when glacier retreats material is left on valley floor
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4
Q

how is recessional moraine formed

A
  • during retreat morraines are formed when glacier stays for longer in a specific place
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5
Q

how is moraine modified during the interglacial period

A
  • steeper side is no longer supported so rockfalls occur
  • stream may erode through moraine
  • lichen may grow = organic acid = biological weathering
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6
Q

how do flows of energy shape a moraine

A
  • rocks at top of mountain have potential energy. where gravity overcomes friction, rockfall occurs = kinetic energy
  • mass of glacier determines PMP due to thermal energy at base
  • meltwater = basal sliding = kinetic energy
  • zone of ablation = input of thermal energy = kinetic energy lost = competency lost
  • subglacial debris deposited = moraine
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7
Q

how have flows of material shaped the moraine

A

origin: FTW at top of mountains & plucking from valley sides creates sub glacial debris
movement: basal sliding transports material to snout
deposition: when glacier remains stationary or due to melting & retreat

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8
Q

what is a drumlin

A

streamlined hill composed of subglacial debris

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9
Q

how is a drumlin formed

A
  • glacier thins as it spreads out over valley
  • potential and kinetic every lost so glacier loses competency
  • glacier becomes overloaded with subglacial debris = deposited material
  • drumlin is formed
  • streamline shape shows direction of glacier
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10
Q

how is drumlin formed during interglacial period

A
  • vegetation grows so sides are less prone to wind erosion
  • biological weathering could break rock apart
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11
Q

how do flows of energy shape drumlin’s

A
  • rocks at top of mountain have potential energy. where gravity overcomes friction, rockfall occurs = kinetic energy
  • mass of glacier determines PMP due to thermal energy at base
  • meltwater = basal sliding = kinetic energy
  • zone of ablation = input of thermal energy = kinetic energy lost = competency lost
  • subglacial debris deposited = drumlin
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12
Q

how have flows of material shaped the drumlin

A

origin: FTW at top of mountains & plucking from valley sides creates sub glacial debris
movement: basal sliding transports material to snout
deposition: when glacier starts moving slowly and deposits material as competency is lost

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13
Q

what is a till sheet

A

extensive flat plain of unsorted drift

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14
Q

how is a till sheet formed

A
  • glacier becomes thinner as it melts
  • glacier starts retreating
  • material is deposited as ice melts
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15
Q

how could an ice sheet be modified during interglacial period

A
  • exposed rock broken apart by FTW and erosion
  • vegetation may grow = biological weathering
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16
Q

how do flows of energy form an ice sheet

A
  • rocks at top of mountain have potential energy. where gravity overcomes friction, rockfall occurs = kinetic energy
  • mass of glacier determines PMP due to thermal energy at base
  • meltwater = basal sliding = kinetic energy
  • zone of ablation = input of thermal energy = kinetic energy lost = competency lost
  • subglacial debris deposited as glacier retreats = toll sheet
17
Q

how do flows of material shape the landform

A

origin: FTW at top of mountains & plucking from valley sides creates sub glacial debris
movement: basal sliding transports material to snout
deposition: when glacier begins retreating

18
Q

what is an erratic

A

large boulders foreign to local geology

19
Q

how is an erratic formed

A
  • glacier carries boulder 1000s of km from original home
  • erratic is deposited when glacier is in zone of ablation
  • erratic sits on pedestal (platform of underlying rock which has not been eroded as erratic protected it)
20
Q

how could an erratic be modified in interglacial period

A
  • grow lichen = organic acid = biological weathering
21
Q

how do flows of energy form an erratic

A
  • boulders up streak have potential energy
  • mass of glacier determines PMP due to thermal energy at base
  • meltwater = basal sliding = kinetic energy
  • zone of ablation = input of thermal energy = kinetic energy lost = competency lost
  • subglacial debris deposited = erratic
22
Q

how do flows of material form an erratic

A

origin: FTW at top of mountains & plucking from valley sides creates boulder
movement: basal sliding transports material to snout
deposition: when glacier remains stationary or due to melting & retreat

geography (27 decks)

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