GI Drugs Flashcards
What drugs are Emetics?
Apomorphine, Xylazine, Hydrogen Peroxide
Which Emetics are centrally acting?
Apomorphine, Xylaxine
Which Emetics are locally acting?
Hydrogen Peroxide
What do Emetics do?
induce vomiting
When must Emetics be given?
must be given within 2-4 hours of toxin ingestion
What is the Emetic of choice in dogs?
Apomorphine
What is the Emetic of choice in cats?
Xylazine
What do Antiemetics do?
prevent vomiting
What does Metoclopramide do?
increases gastric contraction, speeds gastric emptying, strengthens cardiac sphincter tone
What are the side effects of Metoclopramide?
CNS disturbances, constipation
What are Antihistamines (H1 Blockers) used for?
more effective as antiemetic if cause is motion sickness or inner ear abnormality
What are some forms of Antihistamines (H1 Blockers)?
Dimenhydrinate, Diphenhydramine, Meclizine
What antiemetic is commonly used during chemotherapy?
Ondansetron
What is a side effect of Maropitant citrate (Cerenia) that clients should be aware of?
sometimes burns on SQ injection
What drugs are Antiulcer medications?
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Omeprazole, Aluminum hydroxide, Sucralfate, Misoprostol
What are the clinical uses for Antiulcer medications?
treatment/prevention of gastric/abomasal/duodenal ulcers, hyper secretory conditions of stomach, gastric reflux, esophagitis
What drugs are H2 Blockers?
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine
What drug is a Proton Pump Inhibitors?
Omeprazole
What do Antacids do?
neutralize acid in stomach
What are some forms of Antacids?
Aluminum/Magnesium hydroxide, Aluminum hydroxide
What do Gastromucosal Protectants do?
forms a paste like substance that binds to ulcers and provides barrier to aid in healing
What are some forms of Gastromucosal Protectants?
Sucralfate
What are the clinical uses for Prostaglandin E1 Analogs?
prevent/Treat gastric ulcers secondary to NSAIDs
What are some forms of Prostaglandin E1 Analogs?
Misoprostol
Misoprostol affects ____________, so gloves should be worn.
pregnant women
What drugs are Antidiarrheals?
Loperamide, Paregoric/Kaolin/Pectin, Bismuth subsalicylate, Kaolin/Pectin, Activated charcoal
What are some forms of Narcotic Analgesics?
Loperamide, Paregoric/Kaolin/Pectin
What do Adsorbents do?
adsorb means they bind bacteria or toxins to protect against harmful effects
What are some forms of Protectants/Adsorbents?
Bismuth subsalicylate, Kaolin/Pectin, Activated charcoal
DO NOT USE _____________!
Bismuth in cats
What are some forms of Saline/Hyperosmotic Agents?
Lactulose, Magnesium hydroxide
What are some forms of Bulk-producing Agents?
Psyllium, Bran, Vetasyl fiber tablets
What are some forms of Lubricants?
Mineral oil, Petrolatum
What do Surfactants/Stool Softeners do?
reduce surface tension and allow water to penetrate GI contents
What are some forms of Surfactants/Stool Softeners?
Docusate sodium
What do Gastrointestinal Prokinetics/Stimulants do?
increase motility of GI tract
What drugs are Gastrointestinal Prokinetics/Stimulants?
Metoclopramide, Cisapride, Erythromycin, Dexpanthenol
What drug is a Digestive Enzyme?
Pancrelipase – Pancreazymes
What is a form of Antibiotic?
Metronidazole
What are some forms of Anti-inflammatory agents?
Prednisone/Prednisolone, Azathioprine
What are the clinical uses for Antifoaming agents?
frothy bloat in ruminants
What is a form of weight loss drugs?
Dirlotapide (Slentrol)
What are some forms of Probiotics?
Fortiflora, Proviable
What are some forms of Appetite Stimulants?
Diazepam, Cyproheptadine, Mirtazapine
