Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > General Pharmacology > Flashcards

General Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is one important task that vet techs carry out?

A

administration of drugs to animals on the order of a veterinarian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What knowledge should techs have on the drugs they use?

A

reasons for using the drugs (indications), situations the drug should not be used (contradictions), routes (drug administration), what happens when the drug enters the body (pharmokinetics), how drugs exert their effects (pharmodynamics), side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the legal aspect of pharmacology?

A

veterinarian-client-patient relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Pharmacotherapeutics?

A

the study of the therapeutic uses and effects of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a drug regimen?

A

the plan for administering a drug (i.e. - 20# Clavamox (62.5mg) 1 tab PO BID x 10 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does a regimen include?

A

route of administration, total amount given (dose), frequency of administration, duration of use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are prescription drugs?

A

when a drug has potential toxic effects or must be administered in a way that requires trained personnel, that drug cannot be approved for animal use except under veterinarian supervision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are controlled drugs?

A

drugs with potential for abuse or dependency need careful records of inventory use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is extra-label use?

A

use of a drug in a way not specified on the label

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are over the counter medications?

A

drugs without potential to be toxic and do not require special administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Pharmakinetics?

A

the study of the bodily absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is steady state/distribution equilibrium?

A

when drug accumulation = drug elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is therapeutic drug monitoring?

A

monitoring drug levels in the body (i.e. - Phenobarb levels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors influence blood concentrations?

A

rate and route of administration, amount absorbed, drug distribution throughout the body, drug metabolism/biotransformation, rate and route of excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does drug metabolism/biotransformation occur?

A

in the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does drug excretion occur?

A

liver and kidney (kidney most common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the routes of administration?

A

oral, paraenteral, topical, inhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some way of parenteral administration?

A

IV, IM, SQ, ID, IP, IA, IC, intraarticular, intramedullary, epidural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is ID?

A

intradermal - injecting into the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is IP?

A

intraperitoneal - delivers drugs into abdominal cavity, can be used administer fluids and some medications if other routes not available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is IA?

A

intraarterial

22
Q

What is intraarticular?

A

injection into joint

23
Q

What is IC?

A

intracardiac - injection into heart chamber

24
Q

What is intramedullary?

A

injection into bone marrow

25
Q

What is an epidural?

A

spinal anesthesia

26
Q

How does a drug move through the body?

A

after a drug is given (except topical), it makes its way into the bloodstream (absorption), then to its intended tissue (distribution)

27
Q

What happens when a drug reaches it target tissue?

A

either has receptor or non-receptor mediated effect

28
Q

Drug elimination usually requires _______________.

A

biotransformation and excretion

29
Q

What are metabolites?

A

resulting drug components after biotransformation and excretion

30
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

the study of the mechanisms by which drugs produce physiological changes in the body

31
Q

How do drugs “work”?

A

drug molecules combine with components of the cell membrane or with the internal components of cells to cause alterations in cell function ——-> works like a lock and key

32
Q

What is affinity?

A

tendency of a drug to bind to a receptor

33
Q

What is an agonist?

A

high level affinity

34
Q

What is an antagonist?

A

a drug that blocks another drug from combining with a receptor

35
Q

What is efficacy?

A

represent the degree to which a drug produces a response in a patient

36
Q

What is therapeutic index?

A

relationship between drugs ability to achieve desired effect and tendency to cause toxic effects (expressed as a ratio), quantitates margin of safety

37
Q

What is an adverse drug event?

A

harm to patient caused by administration of a drug

38
Q

What is a drug interaction?

A

a pharmacologic response to a drug that is caused by the presence of a second drug

39
Q

What is a pharmacokinetic interaction?

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion changed by another drug

40
Q

What is a pharmacodynamic interaction?

A

the action or effect of one drug is altered by another

41
Q

What is a pharmaceutic interaction?

A

physical or chemical reaction between drugs from mixing of drugs in syringe

42
Q

What is a generic name?

A

nonproprietary name of a drug

43
Q

What is a trade name?

A

proprietary name of a drug

44
Q

What regulatory agencies control the development and approval of new drugs?

A

FDA, EPA, and USDA

45
Q

What drugs do the FDA regulate?

A

animal drugs and feed additives

46
Q

What drugs do the EPA regulate?

A

topical pesticides

47
Q

What drugs do the USDA regulate?

A

vaccines, serum, antitoxins

48
Q

What is the process of making a new drugs?

A

preliminary trials, preclinical trials, clinical trials, submission of a new animal drug, final review by FDA, product monitoring

49
Q

What is the Green Book?

A

list of all animal drug products that have been approved by the FDA for safety and effectiveness

50
Q

What is the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act?

A

made extra label use of drugs legal under specific well-defined conditions, also prohibits or restricts extra label use in farm animals of the agency finds that such presents health risk to public

51
Q

What is the Minor Use and Minor Species Animal Health Act?

A

provides FDA authorized drugs for those less common species and indications

52
Q

What is the AVMA’s preferred way to disposed of unwanted drugs?

A

incineration

Pharmacology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions