Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y4 FA - Small ruminants > GI diseases of adult sheep > Flashcards

GI diseases of adult sheep Flashcards

1
Q

Which teeth are used to age sheep?

A

Incisors - get one pair every year
e.g. lamb will have no permanent incisors
2 year old will have 4 permanent incisors
4 years will have 8 permanent incisors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What else can be assessed when looking at incisors?

A

Check for broken mouth – missing or broken incisors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What issues can arrive due to molar teeth?

A

Uneven wear
Sharp edges
Painful and difficult to eat and cud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When examining a sheeps mouth, what should be palpated for externally?

A

Jaw
Lymph nodes
Face
Halitosis
External palpation for pain /discomfort molar teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is quidding?

A

A molar teeth problem
- cant chew properly, drops the cud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some generalised causes of dental disease is sheep?

A

Aging
Periodontal disease
Bacteria
Malocclusion
Diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Wooden tongue is caused by?

A

Actinobacillosis lignerisei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lumpy jaw is caused by?

A

Actinomycosis bovis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some other mouth/pharyngeal problems of sheep, other than dental disease

A
  • Overshot/undershot jaws
  • Fractures
  • Tumours
  • Cysts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common cause of pharyngeal trauma?

A

Dosing guns - few days, weeks after drenching, number of sheep affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the clinical signs of pharyngeal trauma?

A
  • Dull, depressed, inappetant, weight loss
  • Halitosis, pain, cellulitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the prognosis of pharyngeal trauma?

A

Poor
- Euthanasia
- Penicillin prolonged courses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some features of ‘iceberg diseases’?

A
  • Often long incubation periods
  • Clinical disease only is visible part of the infected animals in the flock
  • Underneath lots of subclinical and infected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 4 iceberg diseases of sheep

A
  • Maedi visna
  • Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
  • Border disease
  • Johnes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the cause of Johnes in sheep?

A

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is Johnes spread?

A

Faeces
Colostrum/milk’
In utero

17
Q

What are the impacts of Johnes in sheep flocks?

A
  • Weight loss
  • Ewe mortality
  • Poor performance
18
Q

When is the key risk period for Johnes infection?

A

first 3-4 months of life

19
Q

Where does Johnes replicate in the body?

A

GI lymph nodes and GIT

20
Q

Clinic disease is seen in animals of what age?

A

3-4 years old
Long incubation period

21
Q

Describe the pathology of Johnes

A
  • Cellular infiltration, thickening of intestines
  • Malabsorption and protein losing enteropathy
  • Hypoalbuminaemia
22
Q

What are the clinical signs of Johnes in sheep

A

Weight loss
Anaemia
Bottle jaw
Sheep over 1yo
High parasite burdens

23
Q

How can Johnes be diagnosed?

A
  • Often undetected in a flock
  • Postmortem
  • Histopathology
  • Serology ELISA antibody
  • PCR faecal test
  • Faecal culture
24
Q

Where in the body would you take histopathology samples for Johnes?

A
  • Ileocaecal junction
  • Enlarged distal mesenteric lymph nodes
25
Q

Describe the specificity and sensitivity of the serology ELISA antibody test for Johnes

A

Low sensitivity (false negatives)
Good specificity (useful for clinical cases, not subclinical)

26
Q

Describe flock tests for johnes

A
  • Select older thinner ewes (greater than 3 years old)
  • Can be done pooled, for sample sizes discuss with laboratory
  • PCR faecal antigen
  • Or/ Faecal culture plus PCR
27
Q

How can flocks be monitored for Johnes?

A

PME on selection thin cull ewes annually, can be used to monitor for other disease MV, OPA, Fluke

28
Q

Describe the Johnes vaccination for sheep

A
  • Does not prevent infection but reduces clinical cases and excretion of bacteria
  • Reduces deaths by 90%
  • Gudair (Virbac)
  • All lambs 4 and 16 weeks old
  • Repeated annually
29
Q

How can johnes be controlled in a herd?

A
  • Lamb older and thinner ewes away from younger breeding ewes
  • Keep separate till lambs are 6 months old ideally
  • Keep stocking rates as low as possible
  • Use plenty of bedding and disinfection
  • Test and cull suspected/confirmed cases asap

Y4 FA - Small ruminants (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions