Geography and Climates in India and China Flashcards
India: Waterways and Flood Plains
Indo - Gangetic Plain; Brahmaputra River; Indus River; Ganges River
China: Waterways and Flood Plains
Huang He (Yellow River); Chang Jiang (Yangtze River)
India: Highlands and Drylands
Himalayas; Karakorum; Hindu Kush; Eastern and Western Ghats; Deccan Plateau; Khyber Pass
China: Highlands and Drylands
Gobi Desert; Taklamakan Desert; Tibetan Plateau; Qinling Mountains
India Rainfall (Monsoons)
Most prominently June-Sep, otherwise very minimal
Himalayas
Has the highest mountains; People can climb them but it’s hard get through
Karakorum Mountain Range
Not as high but much worse than the Himalayas - very steep; Only very skilled climber can get through;
Hindu Kush
More of a connector than other mountain ranges; Has pathways through it
Huang He (Yellow River)
Runs through northern China; Goes through the Gobi desert which is why it has a yellow tint; Called “River of sorrow” because of frequent flooding - so unpredictable even though it is the main source; Large amounts of silt / loess
Chang Jiang (Yangtze River)
Longest and largest river in China; Very fertile; Flows from Tibetan Plateau to Shanghai; Below Huang He
Loess
Particular soil that is carried in the Yellow River; Very small crystals of soil
Eastern and Western Ghats
The mountain range that runs along the east and west coast of India; Separated by Deccan Plateau
Khyber Pass
A mountain pass that connects Afghanistan and Pakistan
Taklamakan Desert
Desert in China that is known for splitting the Silk Road into branches running down the north and south of it; Bordered by mountain ranges; Known as Sea of Death
Ganges River
River that flows southeast from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal
Brahmaputra River
River that begins in Tibet, flows through northeast India and Bangladesh, then joining with Ganges to empty into the Bay of Bengal
Tibetan Plateau
Elevated plateau in Central and East Asia; 3 miles above sea level; Contains Himalaya Mountains
Deccan Plateau
A high area of land in center of India; Separates Eastern and Western Ghats; Caused major rivers of south India to flow eastward into Bay of Bengal
Indus River
River that flows from the Himalayas to the Arabian Sea; Not in India, in Pakistan
Qinling Mountains
A mountain range in north-central China
Indo - Gangetic Plain
A rich, fertile and ancient land encompassing most of northern and eastern India; Most populous parts of Pakistan and virtually all of Bangladesh; Contains rich silt and debris / Alluvial soil; Shaped by Ganges and Indus / A crescent
Gobi Desert
High desert in China and Mongolia
Silt
Every river carries silt, but the yellow river carries a freakishly high amount from desert river silt, it leaves so much more soil than most rivers, provides more fertility for farms, but is very inconsistent when it will flood problem for farmers especially in ancient times
Monsoon
Seasonal combination of wind and rain; Wind patterns, prevailing - rains all over northern India because it can’t get over the Himalayas; Seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing, or strongest, winds of a region
What is the internal geography of India like?
Mostly flat, particularly in the North, which is divided into 2 parts by Indus and Ganges
Indian Rainfall
Indus and Ganges Rivers provide year - round water for the regions through which they flow; Rest of India depends on monsoon for water throughout the year
