French Revolution Flashcards
Who lead the Reign of Terror / were the leader of the Jacobins?
Maximilien Robespierre
What were the causes of the Revolution?
Complete bankruptcy from war debts; Unfair voting - Estates General
Estates General
Assembly representing entire French pop. through 3 groups; Each group gets 1 vote;
1st estate: Roman Catholic clergy
2nd estate: Nobles
3rd estate: Serfs / free peasants
What were the goals of this revolution?
Complete restructuring = Want to replace entire ancien régime; Liberty, Equality, Fraternity (brotherhood) - Rights of Man + Citizen; Limit the power of their monarch
Ancien régime
Old system
What did the 3rd estate do to revolt?
Formed National Assembly - tennis court meeting
Levee en masse
Draft people + resources for use in war against invading forces
Which Enlightenment thinkers contributed to this revolution?
JJR; Voltaire; John Locke
What was JJR’s influence?
Wrote the Social Contract that believed in popular sovereignty = idea that power originates with the ruled
Article 3 of DRMC: “The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body and no individual can exercise authority that does not flow directly from the nation.”
What was Voltaire’s influence?
Advocate for freedom of thought in all forms: speech, religion, assembly;
Article 4: “Liberty consists in the freedom to do anything that does not harm another.”
What was Locke’s influence?
Believed power derives from the governed and that government could never take away our natural rights of life, liberty, and property
Article 2: “The goal of every political association is the preservation of the natural and inalienable rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.”
When was the French Revolution?
1789
Olympe de Gouges
French revolutionary; Advocate for women’s rights; Declaration of Rights of Women + Citizens;
Who was in charge of France during this revolution?
Louis XVI
When was the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen written?
1789
