Genome Projects Flashcards
What is a genome
Contains all genes within an organism
What are sequencing projects
Read genomes of a wide range of organisms
What does determining the genome of SIMPLER organisms allow
Sequences of proteins that derive from genetic code of the organism to be determines
May have many applications including the identification of potential antigens for use in vaccine production
What does determining the genome of COMPLEX organisms allow
Presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes means that knowledge of the genome cannot easily be translated into the genome cannot easily be translated into the proteome
What has happened to sequencing methods
They are continously updated and have become automated
How to produce genomes
Genome
Alternative splicing mRNA editing
MRNA produced
Post-translational modifications
Proteome
C
Process of automated DNa sequencing
1) Short length of single stranded DNA is inserted into vector
2) Primer is annealed
3) Dna polymerase binds to the primer and initiated DNA replication, adding complementary nucleotides
4) DNA polymerase adds a dideoxynucleotide which causes DNA replication to end
5) DNa chains of different lengths are produced
6) DNa chains are separated according to size
Differences between manuel and automated DNA sequencing
Separate run for each type of dideoxynucleotide
Use radioactivity not fluorescent dyes
Four separate mixture addded to separate wells in a gel and separated using gel electrophoresis
Southern transfer made using electrophoresis gel and an autoradiograph is taken of the southern transfer
How do you interpret results fromm manual dna sequencing
Direction of elelctrophoresis is down
Fragment moved furhter down = smallest fragment of DNA, first base
Moved second furthest = second base
ddNA = adenine
DdNT = thymine etc
