Genetics

Question 1

Variation

Answer 1

The differences among individuals of the same species(colour, patter, size, length, breed, gender)

Question 2

Inherited characteristics

Answer 2

Genetical (from your parents)

height, skin colour, blood group, gender

Question 3

Environmental

Answer 3

From your surroundings

Inteligente, Language, Fitness, Weight

Question 4

Continuous

Answer 4

We measure(diesen’t fit into a group, line graph)
height, weight, heart rate, hair length,

Question 5

Discontinuous

Answer 5

Fits into a group(bar chart)

blood group, eye colour, tounge rolling, sex

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Deoxybonucleic acid
4 bases- Adenine, Thymine, Guanin, Cytosine(A, T, G, C)
Double Helix
Carries information for an organism

Question 7

Chromosome

Answer 7

DNA that has been condensed and wrapped up

Humans have 23 pairs(46 in total)

Question 8

Allele

Answer 8

Same gene but with a difference(eye colour gene 1(blue) and eye colour gene 2(brown)) Same gene but with different instructions

Question 9

Dominant Gene

Answer 9

Always shown

Question 10

Recesive Gene

Answer 10

Must have two of the same allele to have effect.

Gene probabilities are shown with Punnet Square

Question 11

Species

Answer 11

Organism that can mate and produce fertile offspring

Question 12

Adaptation

Answer 12

A change in an organism so its better suited for an environment.
It leads to evolution
Can be seen(long claws, fur, gills) or unseen(communication, senses, behaviour)

Question 13

Extinction

Answer 13

When an environmental change causes an entire species to die out

Question 14

Selective Breeding

Answer 14

Picking the best individuals in the breed and keep them to reproduce them

Question 15

Selective Breeding Advantages

Answer 15

Higher economical gains
Disease elimination
No GM
Better Animals

Question 16

Selective Breeding Disadvantages

Answer 16

Animal disconfort
Loss of variety
No control of mutation
Can change evolution
Can lead to loss of traits

Question 17

Cloning

Answer 17

A genetically identical copy of an individual

Can happed during asexual reproduction and can be done artificially

Question 18

Natural effects of environment

Answer 18

Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Tornado…

Question 19

Man Made Effects

Answer 19

Climate Change, Plastic Pollution, Air Pollution…

Question 20

Genetic Modification (GM)

Answer 20

Altering DNA of an organism

Question 21

How do offspring inherit characteristics from both parents

Answer 21

Half genetic information is inherited from the mother (via the egg) and the other half from the father (via the sperm)