genetic engineering Flashcards
define genetic engineering
the artificial manipulation/aleration of genes
give the purpose of G.E
allows genes of one organism to be inserted into the cell of another organism
list the tools used in G.E
source of DNA, cloning vector, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase
what do restriction enzymes do
cut DNA at particular sites- they recognise DNA sequences and only cut where these sequences occur
what do cloning vectors do?
they can accept foreign DNA and replicate itself + the foreign DNA- most common is bacterial plasmid
what is the purpose of DNA ligase
used to stick DNA molecules from different sources together- only works if the same restriction enzyme was used
what is recombinant DNA
DNA that has been altered
what is gene splicing
when recombinant DNA is joined to other unrelated DNA in the organism- tiny segments of a gene are taken out
list the steps in G.E
isolation, cutting, ligation, transformation, cloning, expression
explain isolation in terms of G.E
