genetic engineering Flashcards

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1
Q

define genetic engineering

A

the artificial manipulation/aleration of genes

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2
Q

give the purpose of G.E

A

allows genes of one organism to be inserted into the cell of another organism

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3
Q

list the tools used in G.E

A

source of DNA, cloning vector, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase

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4
Q

what do restriction enzymes do

A

cut DNA at particular sites- they recognise DNA sequences and only cut where these sequences occur

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5
Q

what do cloning vectors do?

A

they can accept foreign DNA and replicate itself + the foreign DNA- most common is bacterial plasmid

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6
Q

what is the purpose of DNA ligase

A

used to stick DNA molecules from different sources together- only works if the same restriction enzyme was used

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7
Q

what is recombinant DNA

A

DNA that has been altered

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8
Q

what is gene splicing

A

when recombinant DNA is joined to other unrelated DNA in the organism- tiny segments of a gene are taken out

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9
Q

list the steps in G.E

A

isolation, cutting, ligation, transformation, cloning, expression

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10
Q

explain isolation in terms of G.E

A
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