excretion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

define excretion

A

the removal of waste products of metabolism out of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

give 3 organs that are apart of the excretion system in animals

A

lungs, kidneys, skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give an example of a feature in plants that is involved in excretion

A

stomata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is crenation

A

when water leaves an animal cell due to osmosis and shrinks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name two methods animals control their temperatures

A

ectotherms, endotherms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an ectotherm

A

gain/lose heat to or from an external environment e.g fish, frogs, snakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is an endotherms

A

generate their own heat from metabolic reactions. e.g cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does the skin help achieve homeostasis

A

it regulates human body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the two layers of skin

A

epidermis, dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the name of the layer found beneath the epidermis + dermis

A

subcutaneous tissues which contain adipose tissue (fat-rich cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what names are given to the layer of cells that make the epidermis

A

malphighian layer, granular layer, cornified layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is melanin produced

A

malphighian layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is keratin produced

A

granular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what’s the purpose of melanin

A

gives colour to the skin, hair and iris + protects the skin from UV rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in what scenario might a lot of melanin be produced

A

when the skin is subjected to more sunlight exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the dermis consist of

A

connective tissues containing collagen

17
Q

what is the purpose of collagen

A

gives skin its elasticity

18
Q

give 4 examples of structures you’d find in the dermis

A

hair follicle, touch receptor, sweat gland, temperature receptor

19
Q

what is the function of the epidermis

A

protects the body from damage and acts as a barrier to prevent water loss and pathogen entry

20
Q

what is the function of the dermis

A

protects internal organs

21
Q

what is sebum + its function

A

an oil produced by sebaceous glands located along hair follicles… it keeps hair moist and flexible and prevents the skin from drying out

22
Q

where is vitamin D produced in the body

A

produced by the skin

23
Q

are water soluble vitamins stored in the body

A

no, only fat soluble vitamins are stored

24
Q

where in the skin acts as a food store

A

fat in adipose tissue

25
Q

is skin a sense organ

A

yes because it has many receptors

26
Q

what organ of excretion is found in the skin

A

sweat glands that remove water and salts

27
Q

explain what happens to the skin in warm conditions

A

sweat is produced and released onto the skin. when water evaporates it lowers body temperature. blood vessels expand and dialate which increase heat loss and reduce body temperature

28
Q

explain what happens to the skin in cold conditions

A

erector muscles contract to form goosebumps. this causes hair to stand up in a process called pyloerection. a layer of warm air is trapped close to the skin by the hairs and this helps to reduce heat loss from the body. vasoconstriction also occurs which means the blood vessels in the skin contract