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German Vocab > Gender Ruls > Flashcards

Gender Ruls Flashcards

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German Verbs flashcards
1
Q

Gender and Meaning: Masculine

A

Seasons, months and days of the week

Points of the compass and weather

Rocks and minerals

Alcoholic and plant based drinks

Rivers outside Germany

Monetary units

Mountains and mountain ranges

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2
Q

Gender and Meaning: Feminine

A

Gender and Meaning: Feminine

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3
Q

Gender and meaning: neuter

A

young persons and animals

metals and chemical elements

Scientific units

Letters of the alphabet

Colours

Languages

-ing words from english

Names of continents, countries, provinces and towns

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4
Q

Anomalous genders of names of human beings

A 
die Geisel
Das Genie
das Haupt
das Individuum
das Mannequin
Das Mitglied
Das Mündel
die Person
die Wache
die Waise
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5
Q

What noun endings are masculine?

A
  • ant der Konsonant
  • ast der Päderast
  • ich der Teppich
  • ig der Honig
  • ismus der Sozialismus
  • ling der Liebling
  • or der Motor
  • us der Rhythmus

nouns formed from strong verbs without a suffix

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6
Q

Which noun endings are feminine

A
  • a die Pizza
  • anz die Eleganz
  • ei die Schwärmerei
  • enz Konkurrenz
  • heit
  • ie die Biologie
  • ik die Panik
  • in die Freundin
  • keit
  • schaft
  • sion
  • sis die Basis
  • tion
  • tät
  • ung
  • ur die Kultur

Most nouns ending in -t are feminine

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7
Q

Which noun endings are neuter?

A
  • chen
  • icht das Licht
  • il das Ventil
  • it das Dynamit
  • lein
  • ma das Dogma
  • ment das Firmament
  • tel das Viertel
  • tum das Eigentum
  • um das Album
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8
Q

Which noun endings are predominantly masculine

A
  • el
  • er
  • en
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9
Q

Which noun endings are predominantly feminine

A

-e

except male persons and animals.

ge- nouns are usually neuter: das Gebirge, das Gefälle, das Gemüse

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10
Q

Which nouns are predominantly neuter

A

Most nouns with ge-

except femaile humans

nouns with -nis and -sal

except -nis from adjectives, which are feminine
-nis from verbs denoting a state of mind:

  • al das Tal
  • an das Organ
  • ar das Formular
  • är das Militär
  • at das Sekretariat
  • ent das Talent
  • ett das Etikett
  • ier das Papier
  • iv das Adjektiv
  • o das Büro
  • on das Mikrophon
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11
Q

noun endings for weak masculine nouns

A

-n for nouns ending -e or -er, or -en for nouns ending in another consonant, der Herr has the ending -n in the singular but -en in the plural.

all situations except nominative singular

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12
Q

What are the weak masculine nouns

A

male humans/animals

der Affe, der Franzose, der Bote

foreign nouns ending in

  • and
  • ant der Diamant
  • aph der Paragraph
  • arch der Monarch
  • at der Automat
  • ent der Student
  • et der Komet
  • ist der Komponist
  • krat der Demokrat
  • log der Psycholog
  • nom der Astronom
  • on der Dämon

der Tyrann, der Kamerad, der Katholik, der Prinz

der Bär, der Bauer, der Fürst, der Graf, der Held, der Mensch, der Nachbar, der Narr, der Oberst, der Ochs, der Papagei, der Tor

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13
Q

What happens to weak masculine nouns if they are used without a determiner?

A

no endings on the nouns

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14
Q

What are the irregular masculine nouns and how do they function?

A

have endings in -n in the plural and accusative and dative singular, but -ns in the genitive singular

der Name, der Buchstabe, der Friede, der Funke, der Gedanke, der Glaube, der Same, der Wille

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15
Q

how is das Herz used

A

Works like an irregular masculine noun.

Nom: das Herz die Herzen
Akk: das Herz, die Herzen
Gen: des Herzens, der Herzen
Dat: dem Herzen, den Herzen

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16
Q

Exceptions to seasons, months, days of the week

A

das Jahr, die Woche, die Nacht

17
Q

exceptions to weather

A

die Brise (breeze), das Eis, das Gewitter, die Graupel (sleet), das Wetter, die Witterung (weather)

18
Q

Exceptions to rocks and minerals

A

das Erz (ore), die Kohle, die Kreide (chalk), das Mineral

19
Q

exceptions to monetary units

A

das Pfund

20
Q

Exceptions to metals and chemical elements

A

die Bronze, der Phosphor, der Schwefel, der Stahl

21
Q

exceptions to continents, countries, provinces

A

die Arktis die Antarktis, die Schweiz, die Türkei, die Normandie, die Bretagne, der Irak, der Iran, der Jemen, der Kongo, der Libanon, der Sudan

(note das Afrika, das China)

22
Q

exceptions to masculine endings (ant, ast, ich, ig etc)

A

das Labor, das Tempus

23
Q

exceptions of nouns formed from strong verbs

A

das Band, das Grab, das Leid, das Maß, das Schloss, das Verbot

24
Q

exceptions to nouns ending in -t

A

der Dienst (service/duty), der Durst, der Frost, das Gift, der Verdienst (earnings/income), der Verlust, der Palast, der Geist, der Ast, der Mast, der Test, der Pessimist, der Trost

Das Fest

25
Q

exceptions to neuter noun endings

A

der Profit, der Granit, die Firma, der Zement, der Irrtum, der Reichtum, der Konsum

26
Q

exceptions for nouns ending in -e

A

der Buchstabe, der Friede, der Funke (spark), der Gedanke, der Glaube, der Name, der Same, der Wille, der Charme, der Käse

das Gebirge, das Gefälle (slope), das Gemüse, das Auge, das Ende, das Erbe, das Finale, das Image, das Interesse, das Prestige, das Regime, das Repertoire

27
Q

exceptions for Ge- nouns

A

der Gebrauch, der Gedanke, der Gefallen (favour), der Gehalt (content), der Gehorsam, der Genuss, der Geruch, der Gesang, der Geschmack, der Gestank, der Gewinn

die Gebärde (gesture), die Gebühr, die Geburt, die Geduld, die Gefahr, die Gemeinde, die Geschwulst (tumour), die Gestalt, die Gewähr (guarantee), die Gewalt

28
Q

exceptions to -nis and -sal nouns

A

formed from adjectives: die Bitternis, die Finsternis

state of mind: die Besorgnis (worry), die Betrübnis (sorrow)

die Erkenntnis, die Erlaubnis, die Kenntnis, die Mühsal (hardship_

29
Q

nouns with certain endings referring to things (-al, -an, -ar) exceptions

A

der Kanal, die Moral, der Skandal, der Altar, der Kommentar, der Apparat, der Automat, der Salat, der Senat, die Manier

German Vocab (40 decks)

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