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HECOL 210 > Gender > Flashcards

Gender Flashcards

1
Q

When can human babies distinguish between male and female faces?

A

At around 3 months, when they start to prefer female faces.

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2
Q

What is the definition of “sex”

A

Refers to the biological features that characterize male and female of a species.

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3
Q

What are Primary Sex Characteristics?

A

Features that we are born with that support sexual reproduction.

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4
Q

What are examples of primary sexual characteristics?

A 
Chromosomes 
Sex hormones 
Testes 
Ovaries 
Genitals
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5
Q

What are secondary sex characteristics?

A

develop during puberty , which signal fertility and maturity

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6
Q

What is an example of a secondary sex characteristic?

A 
Breasts
Finer skin
subcutaneous fat in females
facial hair in males 
deep voice
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7
Q

What is “Binary Assumptions”

A

That sexes can be divided into two fixed, unchanging, and non-overlapping categories.

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8
Q

What sex chromosomes will a human male have?

A

XY

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9
Q

What are the odds of being born with varying numbers of X and Y chromosomes?

A

1/400 pregnancies

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10
Q

What percentage of the population identify as Intersex?

A

1-2%

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11
Q

Define “intersex”

A

Possessing chromosomes or physical characteristics that re not clearly identifiable as male or female.

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12
Q

What is a “separate” problem with using biological features to classify peoples sex?

A

Most sex characteristics are invisible or hidden.

ie. When we meet someone, we cannot see their hormones or their chromosomes

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13
Q

What is gender?

A

The attitudes, traits, and behaviors a culture identifies as masculine or feminine along with expectations and beliefs about the acceptable and appropriate social roles for women and men.

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14
Q

What is a “tertiary sex characteristic”

A

Gender

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15
Q

What is gender identity?

A

Their perception of themselves as masculine or feminine.

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16
Q

What is cisgender?

A

When someones gender identity does match the sex they were assigned at birth.

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17
Q

What is Transgender?

A

When someones gender identity does not match the biological sex their were assigned at birth.

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18
Q

What is gender expression?

A

How someone fulfilled expectations about gender identity.

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19
Q

What does it mean to be “Androgynous”?

A

They express both masculine and feminine traits.

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20
Q

What is one of the benefits of a Androgynous expression?

A

Competent in many situations, and less constrained in situations related to gender.

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21
Q

What would constitute a High level of masculine traits?

A

Masculine + Androgynous

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22
Q

What would constitute a low level of masculine traits?

A

Undifferentiated + feminine

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23
Q

What would constitute a high level of feminine traits?

A

Androgynous + feminine

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24
Q

What would constitute a low level of feminine traits?

A

Undifferentiated + masculine

25
Q

What is a schema?

A

Cognitive representation that organizes ideas and beliefs about cretin concepts.

26
Q

What is a meta-analysis?

A

the combination of all known research relating to one variable.

27
Q

What is the “d statistic”?

A

The number that captures the differences between men and women.

28
Q

What does it mean when D=0

A

it means that men and women do not differ on the characteristic in question.
( they perfectly overlap)

29
Q

What does a positive d value mean?

A

Means that men score higher then women on the specified dimension

30
Q

What does a negative d value mean?

A

Means that women score higher then men on the specified dimension.

31
Q

What is intrasexual competition?

A

When the same sex/gender compete with the same sex/gender for a potential mate.

32
Q

What is power?

A

An individuals capacity to alter the behavior and experiences of others, while also resisting their influence.

33
Q

What is social structural theory?

A

Differences in how money, power, and resources are dived between men and women.

34
Q

What is emphatic accuracy?

A

The capacity for one person to be accurate in knowing what someone else is thinking or feeling.

35
Q

Within Canada, is our ability to gather information about gender identity good?

A

Major measurement problems, not as specific as it should be.

36
Q

How many people in Canada identify as transgender?

A

Less than 1%

37
Q

True or false:
Gender identity is psychological
Gender expression is behavioral

A

True

38
Q

True or false:

Sex gives you a definitive guide to how people will behave.

A

False,

It gives you hints, but many people are fluid among how they interact

39
Q

What question did Carothers and Reis ask about men and Women?

A

If the psychology of men and women are dimensional or categorical.

40
Q

Are men and Women categorical?

A

In some aspects they are yes:

Physical aspects more so than anything

41
Q

Are Men and Women dimensional?

A

In some aspects they are yes:

Psychological aspects in this case.

42
Q

What does it mean to be dimensional?

A

Men and women distribution of characteristics will be approximate a normal distribution.

43
Q

What does Meta-analysis of men and women suggest?

A

Men and Women tend to show overlapping distributions on SOME traits.

44
Q

what does this statement mean? there is more within sex variability then there is within sex variability

A

There are more differences within men (caring - not caring)

Then there are between men and women.

45
Q

True/false:

Average differences between men and women are generally large?

A

False:

They are generally small

46
Q

True/False:

Even when there is a large difference, overlap in distribution is still substantial

A

True.

47
Q

True or false:

Men and women are more alike then they are different

A

True……Although these small differences (when put together) do lead to some patterns in male and female characteristics. Leading to different expectations.

48
Q

True/False:

Men develop more cognitively complex representations of the relationship events.

A

False.

Women develop more cognitively complex representations of the relationship events.

49
Q

Do Men or Women consistently report being more satisfied in their relationships?

A

Men

50
Q

True or false:

Women see interconnections between various relationship events that men may not.

A

True

51
Q

True or false

In daily life, men provide higher quality support than men

A

False.

Women give MUCH MUCH better support.

52
Q

On average men and women seek out what for support.

A

they both seek out women

53
Q

Men may resent having to provide support, wish their partner is more What?

A

Self-sufficient

54
Q

True or false:

Sexual satisfaction is more closely linked to relationship satisfaction for men than women

A

True

55
Q

Who is more likely to end a relationship?

A

Women

56
Q

Whos is more likely to bring up conflict

A

Women (87% of the time)

57
Q

Do men or women experience more distress before the relationship ends

A

Women

58
Q

Do men or women experience more distress after the relationship ends

A

Men

59
Q

Do men or women reenter a new relationship faster after a breakup?

A

Men.

HECOL 210 (23 decks)

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