G.A. topographical anatomy

Question 1

mid-sagittal plane?

Answer 1

separates body left to right equally

Question 2

para-sagittal plane?

Answer 2

separates body left to right unequally

Question 3

transverse plane?

Answer 3

separates body superior to inferior

Question 4

coronal plane?

Answer 4

separates body anterior to superior

Question 5

carotid triangle purpose and boundaries?

Answer 5

P: where carotid artery branches at this location
B: anterior- sup. belly of omohyoid
post- SCM
superior- post. belly digastric

Question 6

submandibular triangle contains & purpose?

Answer 6

submandibular gland

ant. - ant. belly digastric
post. - post. belly digastric
sup. - lower border of mandible

Question 7

triangle of auscultaion? boundaries?

Answer 7

area of lung auscultation, located near inf. angle of scapula
Sup.- trapezius
Inf.- latissimus dorsi
lateral- scapula
floor- rhomboid major

Question 8

quadrangular space contains? boundaries?

Answer 8

c: post. circumflex humeral Art. & axillary N.
Sup.- teres minor
Inf.- teres major
medial- long head triceps
lateral- humerus

Question 9

triangular space contents? boundaries?

Answer 9

c: circumflex scapular art.
sup.- teres minor
inf.- teres major
lateral- long head of triceps

Question 10

what is McBurneys point? boundaries`

Answer 10

used clinically as point of tenderness in appendicitis

-anterior abdominal wall on right side, between ASIS & umbilicus

Question 11

what are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

Answer 11

Top: right hypogastric, epigastric, left hypogastric

middle: right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
bottom: right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

Question 12

what does the Axilla contain? borders?

Answer 12

C: axillary artery & vein
sup.- clavicle, scapula, 1st rib
post.- subscapularis muscle
lateral- humerus
medial- serratus ant & thoracic wall
inf.- axillary fascia

Question 13

what is in the carpal tunnel? border?

Answer 13

C: median N., tendons of flexors of digits

bordered by flexor retinaculum & carpal bones

Question 14

what are the contents & boundaries of the Femoral Triangle?

Answer 14

C: femoral A. & N., lateral femoral cut. N., femoral canal
sup.- inguinal lig.
medial- adductor longus
lateral- sartorius

Question 15

what is hesselbachs triangle? boundaries?

Answer 15

location of direct inguinal hernia
lateral- inf. epigastric A.
medial- rectus abdominus
inf.- inguinal lig.

Question 16

what are hernias through hesselbachs due to?

Answer 16

weakness or defect in the lower abdominal wall

Question 17

what does the subclavian drain into?

Answer 17

axillary

Question 18

which 3 veins drain into the axillary?

Answer 18

basilic
brachial
cephalic

Question 19

which major ein drains into the femoral

Answer 19

great saphenous

Question 20

what does the small saphenous drain into?

Answer 20

popliteal

Question 21

layers of muscle?

Answer 21

epimysium: surrounds entire muscle
perimysium: surrounds muscle bundles (fascicles)
endomysium: surrounds muscle fiber

Question 22

layers of nerve

Answer 22

epineurium: surrounds enitre nerve
perineurium: surrounds nerve bundles (fascicles)
endoneurium: surrounds nerve fibers

Question 23

blood vessel layers

Answer 23

tunica adventita
tunica media
tunica interna

Question 24

tunica adventitia is?

Answer 24

outermost layer of BV wall; anchors surrounding structures, has nerve fibers & lymphatic vessels & tiny BV (aka vasa vasorum)

Question 25

tunica media is?

Answer 25

middle layer of BV

regulated by vasomotor fibers & can cause vasoconstriction & vasodilation

Question 26

tunica interna is?

Answer 26

aka initima Innermost layer- has 2 layers: thin endotehlium & basement membrane
reduces friction as blood moves through the vessel