G.A. Osteology Flashcards
Endochondral ossification
cartilage is replaced by bone
intramembranous ossification
membranous bone
compact bone
aka lamellae
forms haversion canals
haversion canals?
aka central canals - core of osteon
lacunae are between?
lamellae
osteocytes are?
mature cells in lacunae
canaliculli allow?
osteocytes to communicate with each other in the lacunae
cancellous bone aka?
spongy bone
hydroxyapatite is?
major inorganic component of bone
what do osteoblasts do?
make bone- build bone
what do osteoclasts do?
breakdown/ reabsorbs bone
where do you feel pain in your bone?
perisoteum
Appendicular skeleton has how many bones?
126- greatest ROM, unfused Pectoral girdle (clavicle, scapula), arm, forearm, hands, pelvis, thigh, leg, feet, ankles
Axial skeleton has how many bones?
80- sacrum & coccyx fuse
skull, spine, ossicles of middle ear, hyoid, ribs & sternum
total bones in body?
206
If you fracture the surgical neck of humerus what could you damage?
Axillary nerve
if you fracture the shaft of humerus you could damage?
Radial Nerve
Scapula process?
spine
acromion
coracoid
scapular notch
clavicle process?
conoid
1st bone to ossify
Humerus info.?
greater/lesser tubercles deltoid tuberosity intertubercular groove- bicipital tendon location med/lat epicondyles capitulum- art with radius trochlea- art with ulna olecranon fossa
Radius info.?
Fovea radila tuberosity ulnar notch styloid process (at wrist) listers tubercles- locator for lunate
Ulna info.?
olecranon process semilunar notch (trochlear notch) coronoid radial notch head of ulna (at wrist) styloid process
wrist carpals
proximial row-(thumb side) scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform (pinky side)
Distal row-(thumb side) trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (under pinky)
snuffbox borders? what nerve goes through it?
ext. poll. longus, ext. poll. brevis, abductor poll. longus, floor is scaphoid.
radial nerve goes through it- check radial pulse here
Heberdens nodes are found where?
DIP joints- associated with OA, psoriatic arthritis
Buchards nodes are found where?
PIP joints- associated with OA, RA, psoriatic arthritis
Haygarts nodes are found where?
MCP joints- associated with RA
Ilium Info.?
iliopectineal line (arcuate line)- sciatic nerve
greater sciatic notch
post. gluteal line
ischium info?
Pubis info?
lesser sciatic notch- pudendal nerve
ischial tuberosity- bears weight of body when seated
Pubis: obturator foramen
Femur info?
acetabulum greater trochanter- lateral lesser trochanter- medial intertriochanteric line & crest linea aspera- posterior adductor tubercle
how is the acetabulum made up?
ischium, ilium, pubis meet up to form it
fibula info?
head- common peroneal nerve
lateral malleolus
foot bones (tarsals)?
7 tarsals 1,2,3 cuneiforms cuboid navicular talus calcaneus
