Chem: Amino Acids, proteins, peptides Flashcards
Amino acids are the building blocks of__?
proteins
what are the essential AA?
PVT TIM HALL phenylalanine valine tryptophan threonine isoleucine methionine histidine (arginine) leucine
which are semi essential?
histidine
arginine
which have an aromatic ring?
tryptophan
tyrosine
phenylalanine
which have a basic pH?
histidine
arginine
Lysine
which are neutral?
serine threonine asparagine glutamine "STAG"
which are sulfur-containing?
methionine
cysteine
which ones are NOT glucogenic?
Leucine
Lysine
“Lindsay lohan”
which ones are branched?
LIV
leucine
isoleucine
valine
which are acidic?
glutamate
aspartate
which ones are alipathic?
less hydrophilic>more hydrophilic
glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine
what are good food sources for AA?
meats, fish, eggs, dairy, peanut butter, grains
are AA digested in the mouth? stomach? SI?
mouth-NO
stomach- pepsin, HCL, rennin (infancy & childhood)
SI- trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, amino peptidase, dipeptidase
precursor for tryptophan?
serotonin; NAD
precursor for glutamate
GABA
precursor for histidine
histamine
precursor for glycine& arginine
creatine
which AA are not found in grains?
lysine, threonine, tryotophan
alanine and __ are reversible
pyruvate
Glutamine <>___<> alpha ketoglutarate are reversible
glutamate
___ carries the removed ammonia to the urea cycle
glutamate
which 3 AA donate nitrogen for purines & pyrimidines?
glutamine
aspartate
asparagine
which 6 AA is muscle able to oxidize?
LIV GAA leucine isoleucine valine glutamate aspartate asparagine
alanine is made from?
ammonia + lactate
function of urea cycle?
rid the body of ammonia
what are the important intermediates for urea cycle?
FARCO, GA fumarate arginine citrulline ornithine glutamate aspartate
__kcal/g protein
4
the bond between AA is a __
peptide bond
primary structure of protein
number & sequence of AA, determines the protein structure
secondary protein structure
alpha helix & beta pleated sheet aka beta bend
tertiary protein structure
maximally folded for function
quaternary protein structure
more than one chain- ex: hemoglobin
