Chem: Amino Acids, proteins, peptides

Question 1

Amino acids are the building blocks of__?

Answer 1

proteins

Question 2

what are the essential AA?

Answer 2

PVT TIM HALL
phenylalanine
valine
tryptophan
threonine
isoleucine
methionine
histidine
(arginine)
leucine

Question 3

which are semi essential?

Answer 3

histidine

arginine

Question 4

which have an aromatic ring?

Answer 4

tryptophan
tyrosine
phenylalanine

Question 5

which have a basic pH?

Answer 5

histidine
arginine
Lysine

Question 6

which are neutral?

Answer 6

serine
threonine
asparagine
glutamine
"STAG"

Question 7

which are sulfur-containing?

Answer 7

methionine

cysteine

Question 8

which ones are NOT glucogenic?

Answer 8

Leucine
Lysine
“Lindsay lohan”

Question 9

which ones are branched?

Answer 9

LIV
leucine
isoleucine
valine

Question 10

which are acidic?

Answer 10

glutamate

aspartate

Question 11

which ones are alipathic?

Answer 11

less hydrophilic>more hydrophilic

glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine

Question 12

what are good food sources for AA?

Answer 12

meats, fish, eggs, dairy, peanut butter, grains

Question 13

are AA digested in the mouth? stomach? SI?

Answer 13

mouth-NO
stomach- pepsin, HCL, rennin (infancy & childhood)
SI- trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, amino peptidase, dipeptidase

Question 14

precursor for tryptophan?

Answer 14

serotonin; NAD

Question 15

precursor for glutamate

Answer 15

GABA

Question 16

precursor for histidine

Answer 16

histamine

Question 17

precursor for glycine& arginine

Answer 17

creatine

Question 18

which AA are not found in grains?

Answer 18

lysine, threonine, tryotophan

Question 19

alanine and __ are reversible

Answer 19

pyruvate

Question 20

Glutamine <>___<> alpha ketoglutarate are reversible

Answer 20

glutamate

Question 21

___ carries the removed ammonia to the urea cycle

Answer 21

glutamate

Question 22

which 3 AA donate nitrogen for purines & pyrimidines?

Answer 22

glutamine
aspartate
asparagine

Question 23

which 6 AA is muscle able to oxidize?

Answer 23

LIV GAA
leucine
isoleucine
valine
glutamate
aspartate
asparagine

Question 24

alanine is made from?

Answer 24

ammonia + lactate

Question 25

function of urea cycle?

Answer 25

rid the body of ammonia

Question 26

what are the important intermediates for urea cycle?

Answer 26

FARCO, GA
fumarate
arginine
citrulline
ornithine
glutamate
aspartate

Question 27

__kcal/g protein

Answer 27

4

Question 28

the bond between AA is a __

Answer 28

peptide bond

Question 29

primary structure of protein

Answer 29

number & sequence of AA, determines the protein structure

Question 30

secondary protein structure

Answer 30

alpha helix & beta pleated sheet aka beta bend

Question 31

tertiary protein structure

Answer 31

maximally folded for function

Question 32

quaternary protein structure

Answer 32

more than one chain- ex: hemoglobin